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Myasishchev VM-T
The Myasishchev VM-T ''Atlant'' (Russian: ''Мясищев ВМ-Т «Атлант»'', with the "VM-T" ("BM-T") standing for Vladimir MyasishchevTransport) was a variant of Myasishchev's M-4 ''Molot'' bomber (the "3M"), re-purposed as a strategic-airlift airplane. The VM-T was modified to carry rocket boosters and the Soviet space shuttles of the ''Buran'' program. It is also known as the 3M-T.
==Design and development==
The design was conceived in 1978 when Myasishchev was asked to solve the problem of transporting rockets and other large space vehicles to the Baikonur Cosmodrome. Engineers used an old 3M (a modified M-4 bomber) and replaced the empennage with dihedralled horizontal stabilizers with large, rectangular end-plate tailfins to accommodate payloads measuring as large as twice the diameter of the aircraft's fuselage. A large, aerodynamically optimized cargo container, placed on top of the aircraft, would contain the freight. In addition, a new control system was added to the plane to compensate for the added weight.
The ''Atlant'' first flew in 1981 and made its first flight with cargo in January 1982.〔(History and details about the VM-T Atlant )〕 Its main task was to ferry Energiya rocket boosters from their development plant to the Baikonur Cosmodrome. On several occasions, the Soviet space shuttle ''Buran'' was piggybacked to the Cosmodrome as well.〔
Two ''Atlant''s were built. They were replaced in 1989 by Antonov's An-225 Mriya. One ''Atlant'' (RF-01502) is kept at the Zhukovsky airfield in Russia owned by TsAGI and Gromov Flight Research Institute, the other one (RA-01402) at Dyagilevo AFB in Ryazan.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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