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Vaccaei
The Vaccaei or Vaccei were a pre-Roman Celtic〔Cremin, ''The Celts in Europe'' (1992), p. 57.〕 people of Spain, who inhabited the sedimentary plains of the central Duero valley, in the Meseta Central of northern Hispania.
==Origins==
The Vaccaei were probably largely of Celtic descent and probably related to the Celtiberians.〔 Their name may be derived from the Celtic word ''vacos'', meaning a ''slayer'', since they were celebrated fighters. However, some scholars have reasoned that the name ‘Vaccaei’ may actually derive from ‘Aued-Ceia’, a contraction of ''Ceia'', the presumed ancient name of the modern river Cea, prefixed by the Indo-European root ''
*aued-'' (water).〔Martino, ''Roma contra Cantabros y Astures – Nueva lectura de las fuentes'', p. 18, footnote 14.〕
They often acted in consort with their neighbours, the Celtiberi, suggesting that they may have been part of the Celtiberian peoples.〔 They had a strict egalitarian society practising land reform and communal food distribution.〔 This society was part of an Hispano-Celtic substrate, which explains the cultural, socio-economic, linguistic and ideological affinity of the Vaccaei, Celtiberians, Vettones, Lusitani, Cantabri, Astures and Callaeci. The Vaccean civilization was the result of a process of local evolution, importing elements from other cultures, whether by new additions of people or cultural and trading contacts with neighbouring groups. It is also believed that it was from the Vaccei that the warlike Arevaci stemmed from around the late 4th Century BC to conquer the eastern meseta.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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