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Vachana sahitya
Vachana sahitya is a form of rhythmic writing in Kannada (see also Kannada poetry) that evolved in the 11th century C.E. and flourished in the 12th century, as a part of the Sharna movement. The word ''vachanas'' literally means "(that which is) said". These are readily intelligible prose texts.
Madara Chennaiah, an 11th-century cobbler-saint who lived in the reign of Western Chalukyas, is the first attested poet of this tradition. Later poets, such as Basava (1160), prime minister of southern Kalachuri King Bijjala II, considered Chennaiah to be his literary father.
==Vachanas and Sharana movement==
Basavaadi Sharana's Vachanas are their experiences in the process of God realization through oneness with the pure consciousness in the ''prana''. About 800 sharanas practiced the technique and wrote their experiences in terms of ''Guru'' (Unmanifest Chaitanya), ''Linga'' (Manifest Chaitanya), ''Jangama'' (Pure consciousness of Lingatattva in one's prana), ''Padodaka'' (intimacy with the knower/source of Lingatattva), and ''Prasada'' (becoming lingatattva).
As per record, this form exchange of experience of the realization of the God in group discussion has happened only in Karnataka by the sharanas mainly under the guidance of Basava, Akka Mahadevi, Allama Prabhu and Siddheshwar. This fact has been attributed to the popularity of the movement. More than 200 Vachana writers (''Vachanakaras'') have been recorded, more than thirty of whom were women.〔Sastri (1955), p361〕〔Other well known Vachana writers were Chennabasava, Prabhudeva, Siddharama, Kondaguli Kesiraja etc. (Narasimhacharya 1988, p20)〕
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