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Valkumey
Valkumey ((ロシア語:Валькумей), Chukchi: , lit. "Coal Mountain"〔V.V. Leontev and K.A. Novikova, ''Топонимический словарь северо-востока СССР'' (''Toponymic Dictionary of the Northeastern USSR'') (1989) Magadan. p.71〕) is an inhabited locality (an urban-type settlement) in Chaunsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located on the shores of Chaunskaya Bay (part of the East Siberian Sea). Population: 0 (2002 Census);〔
==History==
Prior to the foundation of the settlement a preliminary expedition headed by a geologist called Dietmar was undertaken assessing the prospects of developing mining in the immediate area. He predicted that there were significant quantities of cassiterite-tin ore in the area, a prediction that was confirmed by later, more focussed, expeditions by larger teams of geologists.〔
Valkumey was founded in 1941〔Dead-cities.ru (Entry on Valkumey ) 〕 when mining began in this area, and the first few tons of tin were extracted from the Valkumey mine in the form of cassiterite.〔 The mining was done almost entirely by prisoners of and exiles created by the Dalstroy GULAG system. Shortly after the opening of this mine, further tin mines opened near Pevek and Iultin, and mining became the major element of the Chukotkan economy.〔(Chukotka During World War II )〕 Valkumey became one of the major centres of tin mining in the Soviet Union, supplying a significant percentage of the tin required by the Soviet military.〔
By 1968, the population of the settlement had risen to 3,700.〔 However, with the closure of the mine, the settlement was abandoned in 1998, with the remaining population moving to the town of Pevek, up the coast to the north. As of 2009, Valkumey is included in the list of settlements currently in the process of being liquidated.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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