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__NOTOC__ The word ''vanua'' – meaning "land," "home," or "village" – occurs in several Austronesian languages, and derives from the Proto-Austronesian ''banua''.〔Thomas Anton Reuter, ''(Custodians of the Sacred Mountains: Culture and Society in the Highlands of Bali )'', University of Hawaii Press, 2002, p. 29〕〔Thomas Anton Reuter, ''(Sharing the Earth, Dividing the Land: Land and Territory in the Austronesian World )'', ANU E Press, 2006, p. 326.〕 The word has particular significance in several countries. ==In Fiji== In Fijian and in Fiji English, ''vanua'' is an essential concept of indigenous Fijian culture and society. It is generally translated in English as "land", but ''vanua'' as a concept encompasses a number of inter-related meanings. When speaking in English, Fijians may use the word ''vanua'' rather than an imprecise English equivalent. According to Fijian academic Asesela Ravuvu, a correct translation would be "land, people and custom". ''Vanua'' means "the land area one is identified with", but also :''"the people, their traditions and customs, beliefs and values, and the various other institutions established for the sake of achieving harmony, solidarity and prosperity within a particular social context. () It provides a sense of identity and belonging. () The vanua () is an extension of the concept of the self."''〔Asesela Ravuvu, 1983, quoted in: Stephanie Sienkiewicz, ("Ethnic relations in Fiji: Peaceful coexistence and the recent shift in the ethnic balance" ), Union College Department of Anthropology, June 2000〕 An indigenous Fijian person is thus defined through his or her land; the concepts of personhood and land ownership are viewed as inseparable. This is also the case for other indigenous peoples of Oceania, such as Australian Aboriginals (''see: Dreaming'') and New Zealand Māori (''see: iwi''). A ''vanua'' is also a confederation of several ''yavusa'' ("clans" established through descent from a common ancestor). A ''vanua'' in this sense is associated with its ownership of an area of ''vanua'' in the sense of "land"; the various meanings of ''vanua'' are, here too, interrelated.〔Sienkiewicz, ''ibid''〕〔(Fiji Native Land Trust Board glossary )〕 The word ''vanua'' is found in the place names Vanua Levu and Vanua Balavu. Indigenous land ownership is a key issue in conservative and indigenous nationalistic Fijian politics. Several right-wing, essentially indigenous parties refer to ''vanua'' in their names: *Nationalist Vanua Tako Lavo Party *Soqosoqo Duavata ni Lewenivanua 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vanua」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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