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Vasubandhu (Sanskrit; ; ) (fl. 4th century) was a Buddhist monk from Gandhara and, along with his half-brother Asanga, one of the main founders of the Yogacara school of Buddhist philosophy. Vasubandhu is one of the most influential figures in the entire history of Buddhism. In Jōdo Shinshū, he is considered the Second Patriarch. In Chan Buddhism, he is the 21st Patriarch. ==Biography== Born a brahmin〔P. 34 Journal of the ''Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, Volume 2001'' By Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland〕 Vasubandhu was the half brother of Asanga, another key personage in the founding of the Yogacara philosophy. He and Asanga are members of the "Six Ornaments"〔http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Six_Ornaments〕 or six great commentators on the Buddha’s teachings. Vasubandhu lived at Kosambi (near modern Allahabad) where he was trained in the Sarvastivada school of Buddhism, which had its seat there. He was contemporaneous with Chandragupta I, father of Samudragupta. This information temporally places this Vasubandhu in the 4th century CE.〔Dharma Fellowship (2005). ''Yogacara Theory - Part One: Background History''. Source: () (Accessed: November 15, 2007)〕 Vasubandhu is said to have trained in the Kashmiri Vaibhāṣika teachings as presented in the ''Mahāvibhāsa'' when he initially studied abhidharma. Dissatisfied with those teachings, he wrote a summary of the Vaibhāṣika perspective in the ''Abhidharmakośa'' in verse and an auto-commentary, the ''Abhidharmakośa-bhāsya'', which summarised and critiqued the ''Mahāvibhāsa'' from the Sautrāntika viewpoint. He is later said to have converted to Mahayana beliefs under the influence of his brother, whereupon he composed a number of voluminous treatises, especially on Yogacara doctrines. Most influential in the East Asian Buddhist tradition have been the ''Vimśatikāvijñaptimātratāsiddhi'', the "Twenty Verses on Representation Only" and the ''Triṃśikā-vijñaptimātratā'', the "Thirty Verses on Representation-only". These two texts are companions. Vasubandhu also wrote a large number of other works, including: *Commentary to the ''Mahāyāna-samgraha'' *''Ten Stages Sutra'' *''Catuhśataka-śāstra'' *''Mahāyāna śatadharmā-prakāśamukha śāstra'' *''Amitayus sutropadeśa'' *''Discourse on the Pure Land'' *''Vijnaptimatrata Sastra'' *''Karmasiddhiprakarana'' ("A Treatise on Action") 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vasubandhu」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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