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Volsinii
Volsinii or Vulsinii (Etruscan: Velzna or Velusna; Greek: Ouilsinii, ;〔Strabo ''Geography'' 5.2.9 records it under this name as a city in the interior of Tyrrhenia and says that there was a lake near (peri) it.〕 〔Ptolemy ''Geography'' iii.1.50 lists this form of the name as a city among the Tusci.〕), is the name of two ancient cities of Etruria, one situated on the shore of Lacus Volsiniensis (modern Lago di Bolsena), and the other on the Via Clodia, between Clusium (Chiusi) and Forum Cassii (Vetralla).〔Antonine Itinerary; Tabula Peutingeriana.〕 One was Etruscan and was destroyed by the Romans in 264 BC at the conclusion of an attempted revolution by its slaves. The second was founded by the Romans using the remainder of the Etruscan population rescued from the razed city.
Modern Bolsena, Italy descends from the Roman city. The location of the Etruscan city is debated. Orvieto is a strong candidate. Bolsena is about from Orvieto. The region in which Bolsena is located is now in Lazio and Orvieto is located in Umbria.
==Situation==
The Byzantine historian Joannes Zonaras states that the Etruscan Volsinii (Velzna or Velusna) lay on a steep height;〔Zonaras, ''Annals'' (or ''Chronicle'' or ''Epitome'' - he does not state a name of his own) viii. 7; ''cf.'' Aristotle ''De Mirabilibus Auscultationibus'' 96.〕 while Bolsena, the representative of the Roman Volsinii, is situated in the plain. Scholars of the 19th century debated the location of this elevated site. Wilhelm Ludwig Abeken〔''Mittelitalien'', p. 34 and following.〕 looks for it at Montefiascone, at the southern extremity of the lake; while Karl Otfried Müller〔''Etrusker'', i. p. 451.〕 seeks it at Orvieto, and adduces the name of that place in Latin, ''Urbs Vetus'', the old city, as an argument in favor of his view; but British explorer and writer George Dennis〔''Etruria'', vol. i. p. 508.〕 is of opinion that there is no reason to believe that it was so far from the Roman city, and that it lay on the summit of the hill, above the amphitheater at Bolsena, at a spot called ''Il Piazzano''. He adduces in support of this hypothesis the existence of a good deal of broken pottery there, and of a few caves in the cliffs below. Bolsena is from Montefiascone, and from Orvieto.
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