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Vesākha (Pali;(サンスクリット:''Vaiśākha''), Devanagari: वैशाख, Sinhala:වෙසක්), Wesak or Vesak, also known as Buddha Purnima and Buddha Day, is a holiday observed traditionally by Buddhists on different days in India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Tibet, Bangladesh, Bhutan, and the South East Asian countries of Indonesia, Singapore, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia and Myanmar, and other places all over the world.〔(The World Buddhist Directory )〕 Sometimes informally called "Buddha's Birthday", it actually commemorates the birth, enlightenment (nirvāna), and death (Parinirvāna) of Gautama Buddha in the Theravada or southern tradition.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Visakha Puja )〕 ==History== The decision to agree to celebrate Vesākha as the Buddha’s birthday was formalized at the first conference of the World Fellowship of Buddhists held in Sri Lanka in 1950, although festivals at this time in the Buddhist world are a centuries-old tradition. The resolution that was adopted at the World Conference reads as follows: On Vesākha Day, Buddhists all over the world commemorate events of significance to Buddhists of all traditions: The birth, enlightenment and the passing away of Gautama Buddha. As Buddhism spread from India it was assimilated into many foreign cultures, and consequently Vesākha is celebrated in many different ways all over the world. In India, Vaishakh Purnima day is also known as Buddha Jayanti day and has been traditionally accepted as Buddha's birth day. In 1999, the United Nations resolved to internationally observe the day of Vesak at its headquarters and offices.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.worldlii.org/int/other/UNGARsn/1999/192.pdf )〕 The name of the observance is derived from the Pali term ' or Sanskrit ', which is the name of the lunar month in the Hindu calendar falling in April–May (see Vaisakha).〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.3:1:2353.pali )〕 In Mahayana Buddhist traditions, the holiday is known by its Sanskrit name (Vaiśākha) and derived variants of it. Local renditions of the name vary by language, including: *Assamese: ''Buddho Purnima'' (বুদ্ধ পূর্ণিমা), * Dzongkha: '' Dhuechen Nga Zom'' (སྟོན་པའི་དུས་ཆེན་༥ འཛོམས་), *Bengali: ''Buddho Purnima'' (বুদ্ধ পূর্ণিমা), ''Buddho Joyonti'' (বুদ্ধ জয়ন্তী) or ''Bhesak'' (ভেসাক) *Burmese: Kason Full Moon Day (ကဆုန်လပြည့် ဗုဒ္ဓနေ့) *Chinese: 佛陀誕辰紀念日 (Fótuó dànchén jìniàn rì), 佛誕 (Fó Dàn), 浴佛節 (YùFó jié), 衛塞節 (Wèisāi jié) *Hindi: ''Buddha Purnima'' (बुद्ध पूर्णिमा), ''Budhha Jayanti'' (बुद्ध जयन्ती), ''Vaishakh Purnima'' (वैशाख पूर्णिमा) *Indonesian: ''Hari Raya Waisak'' *Japanese: ''Hanamatsuri'' (花祭) *Khmer: ''Visak Puja'' (or ''Visak Bochea'') (វិសាខបូជា) *Korean: ''Seokka Tanshin-il'' (석가 탄신일, 釋迦誕辰日) *Laotian: ''Vixakha Bouxa'' (ວິສາຂະບູຊາ) *Malaysian: ''Hari Wesak'' *Mongolian: Бурхан Багшийн Их Дүйцэн Өдөр, ''Lord Buddha's Great Duichen Day'' *Nepali: ''Swānyā Punhi'' (स्वांया पुन्हि) *Nepali: ''Buddha Purnima'' (बुद्ध पुर्णिमा), ''Budhha Jayanti'' (बुद्ध जयन्ति) *Sinhala: ''Vesak'' (වෙසක්), "Full Moon Poya Day" *Tamil: "Vesakha Dhinam" (விசாக தினம்) *Thai: ''Wisakha Bucha'' (วิสาขบูชา) *Tibetan: ''Saga Dawa'' ( *ས་ག་ཟླ་བ། ) *Vietnamese: ''Phật Đản'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vesak」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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