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Veuglaire
The Veuglaire (derived from the German ''Vogler'' and ''Vogelfänger'', and the Flemish ''Vogheler'', after a gun manufacturer named Vögler. English: Fowler)〔''Science and civilisation in China'' Joseph Needham p. 366 ()〕 was a wrought iron cannon,〔''An Illustrated History of Arms and Armour'' Auguste Demmin, CC Black p. 497 ()〕 and part of the artillery of France in the Middle Ages. There, guns were initially called ''acquéraux'', ''sarres'' or ''spiroles''.
The ''Veuglaire'' was up to 2 meters (8 feet) long, and weighing from 150 kg to several tonnes, and compares to the ''Crapaudins'' or ''Crapaudaux'', which were shorter (4 to 8 feet) and lighter than the ''Veuglaires''.〔John A. Wagner, ''Encyclopedia of the Hundred Years War'' (p. 34 )〕 The ''Veuglaires'' were usually breech-loading, and therefore used a separate "powder chamber" (''boîte à poudre'') in which powder and ball were located upon loading,〔''A History of Firearms'' W. Y. Carman p. 76 ()〕〔''The artillery of the Dukes of Burgundy, 1363-1477'' Robert Douglas Smith, Kelly DeVries p. 234 ()〕 and the main body of the cannon was formed of a tube opened at both ends.
''Veuglaires'', together with ''Crapaudins'', were considered medium-sized weapons and tended to have smaller chambers than bombards.〔''Gunpowder, explosives and the state'' Brenda J. Buchanan, p. 256 ()〕 They belonged to a category of weapons developed from the late 14th century, which had smaller bore and flatter trajectory. The category includes the ''culverin'', ''curtall'', ''serpentines'', ''falcon'' and ''arquebus''.〔''The Coming of the Ages of Steel'' p. 66 ()〕
==Notes==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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