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Vigorish, or simply the ''vig'', also known as ''juice'', ''under-juice'', the ''cut'' or the ''take'', is the amount charged by a bookmaker, or ''bookie'', for taking a bet from a gambler. In the United States, it also means the interest on a shark's loan. The term originates from the Russian word for ''winnings'', выигрыш ''vyigrysh''.〔(Google online translation of "winnings" into English; speaker option confirms pronunciation )〕 Bookmakers use this practice to make money on their wagers regardless of the outcome. To minimize their risk, some bookmakers do not want to have an interest in either side winning in a given sporting event. Instead, they are interested in getting equal betting on both outcomes of the event. In this way, the bookmaker minimizes his risk and always collects a small commission from the vigorish. The bookmaker will normally adjust the odds or the ''line''. The concept is also sometimes referred to as the overround, although this is technically different, being the percentage the event book is above 100%, whereas the vigorish is the bookmaker's percentage profit on the total stakes made on the event. For example, 20% overround is vigorish of 16%. The connecting formulae are and where ''o'' is the overround. It is simplest to assume that vigorish is factored in proportionally to the true odds, although this need not be the case. Under proportional vigorish, a moneyline odds bet listed at +100 vs. +100 without vigorish (fair odds) could become −110 vs. −110 with vigorish factored in. Under disproportional vigorish, it could become −120 vs. +100. A fairly common amount of vig is ~2%. ==Example== A fair odds bet: Two people want to bet on opposing sides of an event with even odds. They are going to make the bet between each other without using the services of a bookmaker. Each person is willing to risk $100 to win $100. After each person pays his $100, there is a total of $200 in the pot. The person who loses receives nothing and the winner receives the full $200. By contrast, when using a sportsbook with the odds set at −110 vs. +100 (10 to 11, 1.9090..) with vigorish factored in, each person would have to risk or ''lay'' $110 to win $100 (the sportsbook collects $220 "in the pot"). The extra $10 per person is, in effect, a bookmaker's commission for taking the action. This $10 is not ''in play'' and cannot be doubled by the winning bettor; it can only be lost. A losing bettor simply loses his $110. A winning bettor wins back his original $110, plus his $100 winnings, for a total of $210. From the $220 collected, the sportsbook keeps the remaining $10 after paying out the winner. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vigorish」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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