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Wymysorys (''Wymysiöeryś''), also known as Vilamovian or Wilamowicean, is a West Germanic micro-language actively used in the small town of Wilamowice, Poland (''Wymysoü'' in Wymysorys), on the border between Silesia and Lesser Poland, near Bielsko-Biała.〔(Ethnologue: Languages of the World - Wymysorys )〕〔(Documentation for ISO 639 identifier: wym )〕 It is considered an endangered language.〔 At present, there are probably between 70 and 100〔 native users of Wymysorys, virtually all bilingual; the majority are elderly.〔 ==History== In origin, Wymysorys appears to derive from 12th-century Middle High German, with a strong influence from Low German, Dutch, Frisian, Polish and Old English.〔 The inhabitants of Wilamowice are thought to be descendants of German, Flemish and Scottish settlers who arrived in Poland during the 13th-century. However, the inhabitants of Wilamowice always denied any connections with Germany and proclaimed their Flemish origins.〔http://www.fil.wilamowice.pl/upload/file/PDF/knack2002.pdf Knack, issue 31, 2002〕 Although related to German, Wymysorys is not mutually intelligible with standard German (this is however also the case for most German dialects).〔Wicherkiewicz, op.cit., p.15〕 Wymysorys was the vernacular language of Wilamowice until 1939–1945. However, it seems it has been in decline since late 19th century. In 1880 as much as 92% of the town's inhabitants spoke Wymysorys (1525 out of 1662), in 1890 - only 72%, in 1900 - 67%, in 1910 - 73% again.〔Wicherkiewicz, op.cit., p.10〕 Although Wymysorys was taught in local schools (under the name of "local variety of German"), since 1875 the basic language of instruction in most schools in Austro-Hungarian Galicia was Polish.〔 During World War II and the German occupation of Poland Wymysorys was openly promoted by the Nazi administration, but after the war the tables turned: local communist authorities forbade the use of Wymysorys in any form.〔 Although common bilingualism saved most local residents from being forcibly resettled to Germany, many of them stopped teaching their children their language or even use it in daily life.〔Wicherkiewicz, op.cit., p.12〕 Although the ban was lifted after 1956, Wymysorys has been gradually replaced by Polish, especially amongst the younger generations. Acting on a proposal by Tymoteusz Król, the Library of Congress added the Wymysorys language to the register of languages on July 18, 2007. It was also registered in the International Organization for Standardization, where it received the ''wym'' ISO 639-3 code.〔 In a 2009 UNESCO report Wymysorys has been reported as "severely endangered" and nearly extinct.〔 Wymysorys was the language of the poetry of Florian Biesik, during the 19th-century. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wymysorys language」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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