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Vilnius (; see also other names) is the capital of Lithuania and its largest city, with a population of 539,939 as of 2014.〔 Vilnius is located in the southeast part of Lithuania and is the second largest city of the Baltic states. Vilnius is the seat of the Vilnius City Municipality and of the Vilnius District Municipality. It is also the capital of Vilnius County. The first known written record of Vilnius as the Lithuanian capital is known from Gediminas' letters in 1323. Vilnius is classified as a Gamma global city according to GaWC studies, and is known for its Old Town of beautiful architecture, declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994. Its Jewish influence until the 20th century has led to it being described as the "Jerusalem of Lithuania" and Napoleon named it "the Jerusalem of the North" as he was passing through in 1812. In 2009, Vilnius was the European Capital of Culture, together with the Austrian city of Linz. ==Etymology and other names== The name of the city originated from the Vilnia River.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Department of Statistics )〕 The name of the river derives from the Lithuanian language word ''vilnis'' ("a surge") or ''vilnyti'' ("to surge"). The city has also been known by many derivate spellings in various languages throughout its history: ''Vilna'' was common in English. The most notable non-Lithuanian names for the city include: (ポーランド語:Wilno), (ベラルーシ語: Вiльня), , (ラトビア語:Viļņa), (ロシア語:link=no) ''Вильнюс'', (イディッシュ語:ווילנע (''Vilne'')), . An older Russian name was Вильна / Вильно (''Vilna/Vilno''), although Вильнюс (''Vilnius'') is now used. The names ''Wilno'', ''Wilna'' and ''Vilna'' have also been used in older English, German, French and Italian language publications when the city was one of the capitals of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and later of Second Polish Republic. The name ''Vilna'' is still used in Finnish, Portuguese, Spanish, and Hebrew. ''Wilna'' is still used in German, along with ''Vilnius''. The neighborhoods of Vilnius also have names in other languages, which represent the languages spoken by various ethnic groups in the area. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vilnius」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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