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Viśwákarma (Sanskrit for "all-accomplishing, maker of all, all-doer") is personified omnipotence and the abstract form of the creator God according to the ''Rigveda''. He is the presiding deity of all artisans and architects.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Cave Architecture )〕 He is believed to be the "Principal Architect of the Universe ", and the root concept of the later Upanishadic figures of Brahman and Purusha. ==In the Vedas== Vishwakarma is visualized as ''Ultimate reality'' (later developed as Brahman) in the ''Rig Veda'',〔Thamid garbham pradhamam dhadra apo yatra deva samagachanta visve Aja asya nabha--- (Ṛg Veda, 10.82.5), Aja is an epithet for Upanishadic Brahman, Ondian philosophy and religion by Bibhu/Minakshi Padhi〕 from whose navel all visible things Hiranyagarbha emanate. The same imagery is seen in Yajurveda'' purusha sukta'', in which the divine smith Tvastar emerging from Vishwakarma.〔Abya sambootha prutvi rasacha viswakarmana samavarthatadi tasya tvoshta vidatha roopameti tat purshasya visvam ajanamagre〕 In the later puranic period this concept paved the way to the imagery of Padmanabha and Sadasiva. In the Vedic period the term first appeared as an epithet of Indra, Surya, and Agni. In that time the later developed creator concept of Brahma might have been intertwined with the concept of ''Vastospati'' and ''Bṛhaspati'', or Brahmanaspathi〔Sadyayo janayan brahma deva vasthospathim vratapannira takshan Rg veda〕 In the last phase of vedic period and during the growth of monotheism, this realistic God concept becoming more abstract and one can see Vishwakarma (invisible creative power ) emerged as the supreme god〔Sam bahubhyam dhamathy sampatathrair dyavabhoomy janayanth Deva Eka in producing all the Heavenly, Earthly and other Celestial realms and preserves them through the exercise of his arms and wings. He sacrificed himself to himself for the evolution of this visible world, thus he is Purusha or Narayana〔Viswakarman havisha vrutharra swayam yajaswa-rig 10-81,moreover first part of viswakarma sukta and purusha sukta and narayanasukta are almost same,Vedic cosmology ,Rajendra verma , page 80〕 His attributes like Vachaspathy〔Vachaspathim viswakarmana moothaye manojuvam vachae adyahuvema Rig & Yajurveda〕 connect him with Brahaspathi (the Guru of Gods). Again, Yajurveda pictured him as the Prajapati〔Yajur veda 18-43 Prajapathir viswakarma mano gandharvasthasya ....〕 and in the Atharva veda he is 〔Ya eshe pashupathy .......viswakarma prajayam samrarana 2-34,2-34 Atharva veda〕 mentioned as Pashupati. Shwethashwatharopanishad described him as Rudrasiva, the one who is dwelling in all living forms.〔Yeshadevo viswakarma mahatma....zz 4-17〕 Na Bhoomir Na Jalam Chaiva Na Teejo Nacha Vaayavaha Na chakasam na chitthasha Na budhi khrana gocharam Nacha Brahmaa Na Vishnuscha Na Rudrascha Taarakaaha Sarvashoonya niralambam Swayambhu Viswakarmana. According to the above hymn, from Moolastambha purana which is something similar to Nasadeeya suktha It/He was the one who created himself from thyself when there was no earth, water, light, air and akasha,and even the Thrimurthies Later in the post vedic and brahmanic period, the term Vishwakarma is appeared both as the Rsi and the Silpi. In yajurveda the term is seen as one of names of pancha risis. Though the term is an epithet of suryanarayana, one of the seven rays of Surya is also known as Viswakarma. Bhuvana Vishwakarma (Atharva/Angirasa Gothra) is a vedic Rsi who was the author of Rg 10-81,82 suktha, (Prabasa Vishwakarma) was probably a silpi and the son of Prabhas, the eighth hermit of the legendary Astam vasu and Yogasiddha, sister of Brihaspati. He is said to have revealed the Sthapatya Veda / Vastu Shastra or fourth Upa-veda, and presides over the sixty-four mechanical arts. Vishvakarma (God ) created five prajapathies — from his five faces such as Sadyojāta,Vāmadeva, Aghora,Tatpuruṣha,Īsāna.〔TS 4.3.2), as per Vasishtha Purana 3.6.11〕 They are Manu, Maya, Twosta, Silpy, Viswajna and their respective Rishis are # Sanaga Brahma Rishi # Sanaathana Brahma Rishi # Ahbhuvanasa Brahma Rishi # Prathnasa Brahma Rishi # Suparnasa Brahma Rishi and created five Vedas:- from his five faces such as RigVeda, SamaVeda, YajurVeda, AtharvanaVeda, PranavaVeda. In later puranas he is sometimes identified with vedic Tvastar.〔Monier-Williams (1899) p. 994.〕 Silpi Vishwakarma is the designer of all the flying chariots of the gods, and all their weapons and divine attributes. Vishwakarma/Tvostar is also credited with creating the missiles used in the mythological era, including the ''Vajra'', the sacred weapon of Lord Indra, from the bones of sage Dadhichi. He is regarded as the supreme worker, the very essence of excellence and quality in craftsmanship.〔Coomaraswamy (1979), p. 79.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vishvakarman」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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