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The city of Luhansk ((ウクライナ語:''Луганськ''), ) or Lugansk (), formerly known as Voroshilovgrad (1935-1958 and 1970-1990), functions as the administrative center of Luhansk Oblast in easternmost Ukraine. The city itself is also designated as its own separate municipality within the oblast. it had an estimated population of around 425,848. ==History== The city traces its history to 1795 when the British industrialist Charles Gascoigne founded a metal factory near the Zaporizhian Cossacks settlement Kamianyi Brid. The settlement around the factory was known as ''Luganskiy Zavod''. In 1882 the factory settlement Luganskiy Zavod was merged with the town of Kamianyi Brid into the city of Luhansk. Located in the Donets Basin, Luhansk developed into an important industrial center of Eastern Europe, particularly as a home to the major locomotive-building company Luhanskteplovoz. The city was occupied by Nazi Germany between July 14, 1942 and February 14, 1943. On November 5, 1935, the city was renamed Voroshilovgrad ((ロシア語:Ворошиловград)/(ウクライナ語:Ворошиловград) - Voroshilovhrad) in honour of Soviet military commander and politician Kliment Voroshilov. On March 5, 1958, with the call of Khrushchev not to give names of living people to cities, the old name was reinstated. On January 5, 1970, after the death of Voroshilov on December 2, 1969, the name changed again to Voroshilovgrad. Finally, on May 4, 1990, a decree of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR gave the city back its original name. During the 2014 protests in Eastern Ukraine, separatists seized governmental buildings in the region proclaiming the Luhansk People's Republic. An independence referendum was held on May 11, 2014. The legitimacy of the referendums was not recognized by most governments.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url= http://www.businessinsider.com/ukraines-luhansk-may-now-hold-referendum-on-joining-russia-2014-5 )〕 However, the Luhansk People's Republic was recognized by South Ossetia.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=f5f_1402979874 )〕 Ukraine does not recognize the referendum, while the EU and US said the polls were illegal.〔BBC News 12 May 2014〕 On 25 June 2014, Luhansk was officially pronounced as the capital of the Luhansk People's Republic by the government of the Luhansk People's Republic.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://lugansk-online.info/news/zakon-o-sisteme-ispolnitelnyh-organov-gosudarstvennoi-vlasti-luganskoi-narodnoi-respubliki )〕 In August 2014, Ukrainian government forces completely surrounded rebel-held Luhansk.〔"(East Ukraine city of Luhansk dying under siege, residents say )". ''The Denver Post''. 5 August 2014.〕 Heavy shelling caused civilian casualties in the city.〔http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-28770179〕〔"(In Shell-Torn Luhansk, Food and Water Is Scarce: 'Welcome to Hell!' )". ''Newsweek''. 15 August 2014.〕 On August 17, Ukrainian soldiers entered rebel-controlled Luhansk and gained control over a police station. After the Ilovaisk counteroffensive, LPR forces regained Lutuhyne and other Luhansk suburbs. Ukrainian forces withdrew from the Luhansk International Airport on 1 September after heavy fighting.〔http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-29009516〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Luhansk」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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