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Vringo
Vringo is a technology company. The company won a 2012 intellectual property lawsuit against Google, in which Google was ordered to pay 1.36 percent of US AdWords sales. The ruling was overturned on appeal, in August 2014, in a split 2-1 decision that Vringo is now appealing to the United States Supreme Court.〔 The number of intellectual property suits filed by the firm has led some commentators to refer to the firm as a patent troll.〔http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2014/08/after-years-of-hype-patent-troll-vringo-demolished-on-appeal/〕
== History ==
Vringo was founded in 2006 by Israeli entrepreneurs and venture capitalist Jonathan Medved〔(Jonathan Medved on CNBC's "Street Signs" ) MSNBC. 14 September 2010.〕 and mobile software specialist David Goldfarb. The company was initially funded by private equity firm Warburg Pincus in 2007. By December 2009, it had raised $14 million in funding. Vringo priced its initial public offering on June 22, 2010, and raised $11 million.
On March 14, 2012, Vringo entered into a definitive agreement to merge with Innovate/Protect, an intellectual property company founded by Andrew Kennedy Lang, the former chief technology officer at Lycos, and Alexander R. Berger, a former Vice President at Hudson Bay Capital.〔(Vringo CEO Resigns As Directors Approve Merger with Patent Troll. ) ''cellular-news''. 14 March 2012. Retrieved 26 March 2012.〕〔(Vringo + Innovate Protect Sign Definitive Merger Agreement. ) ''VringoIP''. 14 March 2012. Retrieved 27 March 2012〕 At that time, Andrew Perlman replaced Jonathan Medved as CEO. On April 13, 2012, billionaire investor Mark Cuban, the owner of the Dallas Mavericks and "shark" investor on the television series Shark Tank, disclosed a 7.4% stake in the company. The merger with Innovate/Protect was completed on July 19, 2012, with Mr. Lang joining Vringo as chief technology officer and Mr. Berger as chief operating officer. Innovate/Protect director Donald E. Stout, the president of NTP holdings, which collected $612.5 million from BlackBerry-maker RIM, joined the Vringo board of directors in connection with the merger. Vringo's head of licensing, litigation and intellectual property is David L. Cohen, who was formerly an in-house lawyer at Nokia.
The company was invited to ring the opening bell at the New York Stock Exchange on August 1, 2012, to mark the successful completion of the merger.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nyse.com/about/newsevents/1343729272045.html )〕 In August 2012, the company raised $31.2 million to buy 124 patent families relating to telecommunications and infrastructure technology from Nokia Corp. The 124 patent families comprise over 500 patents and applications including 110 issued patents in the US. Over 45 patents families have at least one patent in force in various European jurisdictions. In an October 2012 common stock offering, Vringo raised an additional $45 million.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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