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A karst spring〔Whittow, John (1984). ''Dictionary of Physical Geography''. London: Penguin, 1984, p. 291. ISBN 0-14-051094-X.〕 is a spring that is part of a karst system. That includes the underground drainage of a much larger area, which means that karst springs often have a very large discharge. Because of their often conical or bowl shape, such water sources are also known in German-speaking lands as a ''Topf'' ("pot") which is reflected in names such as Aachtopf (the source of the Radolfzeller Aach) or Blautopf (the source of the Blau river in Blaubeuren). Karst springs are usually the end of a cave system at the place where a river cave reaches the Earth's surface. Thus, it is often possible to enter the caves at a karst spring and explore them. ==Types== An ''estavelle'' or ''inversac'' is a ground orifice which, depending on weather conditions and season, can serve either as a sink or as a source of fresh water. It is a type of sinkhole. A ''Vauclusian spring'' is a spring that originates from a shaft or a cave system, with the water running upwards under a high pressure. It is named after the Fontaine de Vaucluse in southern France.〔 Submarine karst springs, also known as , occur worldwide, and are most numerous in shallow waters of the Mediterranean Sea.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Karst spring」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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