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W47
The W47 was an American thermonuclear warhead used on the Polaris A-1 sub-launched ballistic missile system. Various models were in service from 1960 through the end of 1974. The warhead was developed by the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory between 1957 and 1960.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.doeal.gov/llnlCompetition/ReportsAndComments/LLNLOverviewByDecade/50s.pdf )〕
The W47 was in diameter and long, and weighed in the Y1 model and in the Y2 model. The Y1 model had design yield of 600 kilotons and the Y2 model had a doubled design yield of 1.2 megatons.
〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nuclearweaponarchive.org/Usa/Weapons/Allbombs.html )〕 The W47 was the first warhead with a new, miniaturized pit. The aerodynamic flare at the base provided stability of orientation during descent. Two small rocket motors were used to spin the warhead for better stability and symmetry during reentry.
==Live fire testing==
The W47 is the only US ICBM or SLBM warhead to have been live fired in an atmospheric missile and warhead test, on May 6, 1962. This event took place during shot ''Frigate Bird'' which was part of the ''Dominic'' test series. While stationed off Johnston Island, the American submarine USS Ethan Allen fired a Polaris-A2 missile at an open ocean target point in the vicinity of Palmyra Atoll, south of Hawaii. The missile traveled a distance of . The test was observed by two submerged US submarines stationed approximately 30 miles from the target point, the ''USS Carbonero'' and the ''USS Medregal''. The missile warhead detonated at 23:30 GMT on May 6, 1962, approximately 2 km from the designated target point, and at the target altitude of . The detonation was successful and had the full design yield of approximately 600 kilotons. The shot was designed to improve confidence in the US ballistic missile systems, though even after the test there was considerable controversy. This was partly because it was revealed that the warhead selected for the test had undergone modifications before testing and was not necessarily representative of the stockpile.〔See Donald A. MacKenzie, ''Inventing accuracy: a historical sociology of nuclear missile guidance'' (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1990).〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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