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International Astronomical Union
The International Astronomical Union (IAU; , UAI) is a collection of professional astronomers, at the PhD level and beyond, active in professional research and education in astronomy.〔(About the IAU )〕 It acts as the internationally recognized authority for assigning designations to celestial bodies (stars, planets, asteroids, etc.) and any surface features on them.
The IAU is a member of the International Council for Science (ICSU). Its main objective is to promote and safeguard the science of astronomy in all its aspects through international cooperation. The IAU maintains friendly relations with organizations that include amateur astronomers in their membership. The IAU has its head office on the second floor of the ''Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris'' in the 14th arrondissement of Paris.〔"(IAU Secretariat )." International Astronomical Union. Retrieved on 26 May 2011. "Address: IAU - UAI Secretariat 98-bis Blvd Arago F–75014 PARIS FRANCE" and "The IAU Secretariat is located in the Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, 2nd floor, offices n°270, 271 and 283."〕 Working groups include the Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN), which maintains the astronomical naming conventions and planetary nomenclature for planetary bodies. The IAU is also responsible for the system of astronomical telegrams which are produced and distributed on its behalf by the Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. The Minor Planet Center also operates under the IAU, and is a clearinghouse for all non-planetary or non-moon bodies in the solar system. The Working Group for Meteor Shower Nomenclature and the Meteor Data Center coordinate the nomenclature of meteor showers.
== History ==
The IAU was founded in 1919, as a merger of various international projects including the ''Carte du Ciel'', the Solar Union and the International Time Bureau (''Bureau International de l'Heure''). The first appointed President was Benjamin Baillaud. Pieter Johannes van Rhijn served as president from 1932 to 1958. Twelve of the fourteen past General Secretaries since 1964, each one in office for three years, contributed their recollections of the Union's history in IAU Information Bulletin No. 100.〔(IAU Information Bulletin No. 100, July 2007 )〕
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