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Wace
Wace (c. 1110〔Burgess, ed., at xiii〕 – after 1174〔Burgess, ed., at xvi〕), sometimes referred to as Robert Wace, was a Norman poet, who was born in Jersey and brought up in mainland Normandy (he tells us in the ''Roman de Rou'' that he was taken as a child to Caen), ending his career as Canon of Bayeux.
==Life==
All that is known of Wace's life comes from autobiographical references in his poems. He neglected to mention his birthdate; sometime between 1099 and 1111 is the most commonly accepted year of his birth.
The name ''Wace'', used in Jersey until the 16th century, appears to have been his only name; surnames were not universally used at that time. It was quite a common first name in the Duchy of Normandy, derived from Germanic personal name ''Wasso''. The spelling and the pronunciation of this name were rendered different ways in the texts, according to the place where the copyists were from. In the various versions of the ''Roman de Rou'', his name appears five times as ''Wace'', then ''Gace'' (once), ''Vace, Vacce, Vaicce'' (three times all together).〔René Lepelley, ''Guillaume le duc, Guillaume le roi'' : extraits du Roman de Rou de Wace, Centre de publication de l'Université de Caen, Caen, 1987, p. 15.〕 Until the 11th century, the ''w'' spelling corresponded to the pronunciation () (like in English) in Northern Normandy (including the Channel Islands), but it shifted to () in the 12th century.〔Lepelley 15〕 South to an isogloss corresponding more or less to the Ligne Joret, () had been turned to () and later () (like in common French). Today the name survives as the patronymic surname ''Vasse'' in Normandy and in the North of France〔Repartition of ''Vasse'' in France (according to the number of births) In the south of France, it is probably an unrelated name ()〕 and ''Gasse'' further south (including also Normandy).
The date of Wace's death is uncertain. The most recent event described in the ''Roman de Rou'' may be dated to 1174. In the ''Rou'', Wace also mentions Henry the Young King as living. The latter lived until 1183, which means that Wace probably did not revise the ''Rou'' after that date.
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