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Sangu people
The Sangu, at times called Rori (People of the Steppes), are an ethnic and linguistic group based in Mbeya Region, Tanzania. By 1907 the Sangu numbers were thought to be about 30,000. In 1987 the Sangu population was estimated to number 75,000.〔
Before the coming of the Ngoni, an African group along the coast, the southern highlands had no political unit larger than clan chiefdom. The clans who became known as the Sangu were probably organized into a military force in the 1830s after being attacked by outside forces. The Sangu sent slaves and ivory to representatives of the coast and were the first to adopt the weapons, tactics, and organization of the Ngoni and began to dominate the highlands until a civil war broke out with the death of Merere I.
==Hehe wars==
Other groups, including the Hehe (the second to imitate the Ngoni) copied the Sangu, even taking the Sangu regimental names and language forms.
Munygumba of the Muyinga family of the Hehe people, Mkwawa's father, began to form a unified state to be called Uhehe. It is these Hehe who in 1857 attacked the Sangu and forced them to abandon their capital of Utengule at least three times. The Sangu people repeatedly attempted to return to Utengule but failed. They retreated westwards into Usafwa, finally forcing the Wasafwa to build a new Utengule near present day Mbeya which was to become one of East Africa's most elaborate Bomas (A massive stone fortress, supposedly the largest in East Africa, later deliberately destroyed by the Germans.) for Merere II and his dynasty. The Hehe, recovering from their own civil war by 1879, continued their aggressive expansion and showed themselves to more than a match for Merere II, the Sangu leader, even though the Sangu had reportedly begun using guns as early as the 1893s and had great experience in war and were noted for 'throwing their dead away' mostly into ravines. All Sangu chiefs carried the title of Merere whose personal name was Mwahavange.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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