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Webster's Dictionary
The name ''Webster's Dictionary'' may refer to any of the line of dictionaries first developed by Noah Webster in the early nineteenth century and numerous unrelated dictionaries that adopted Webster's name just to share his prestige. The term, "Webster's" has become a generic trademark in the U.S. for comprehensive dictionaries of the English language,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Merriam-Webster FAQ )〕 however, the only succeeding dictionaries that can trace their lineage to the one established by Noah Webster are those now published by Merriam-Webster.
== Noah Webster's ''American Dictionary of the English Language'' ==
Noah Webster (1758–1843), the author of the readers and spelling books that dominated the American market at the time, spent decades of research in compiling his dictionaries. His first dictionary, ''A Compendious Dictionary of the English Language'', appeared in 1806. In it, he popularized features that would become a hallmark of American English spelling (''center'' rather than ''centre'', ''honor'' rather than ''honour'', ''program'' rather than ''programme'', etc.) and included technical terms from the arts and sciences rather than confining his dictionary to literary words. Webster was a proponent of English spelling reform for reasons both philological and nationalistic. In ''A Companion to the American Revolution'' (2008), John Algeo notes: "it is often assumed that characteristically American spellings were invented by Noah Webster. He was very influential in popularizing certain spellings in America, but he did not originate them. Rather () he chose already existing options such as ''center, color'' and ''check'' on such grounds as simplicity, analogy or etymology".〔Algeo, John. "The Effects of the Revolution on Language", in ''A Companion to the American Revolution''. John Wiley & Sons, 2008. p.599〕 In William Shakespeare's first folios, for example, spellings such as ''center'' and ''color'' are the most common.〔(''-or'' ). Online Etymology Dictionary.〕〔Venezky, Richard. ''The American Way of Spelling: The Structure and Origins of American English Orthography''. Guilford Press, 1999. p.26〕 He spent the next two decades working to expand his dictionary.
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