|
Wehrbauer (English: ''Armed peasant'' or ''Soldier peasant'') was a concept used by the ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS) of the Nazi Party to refer to soldiers designated as settlers for the lands conquered during the German invasions of the Soviet Union and Poland. ==Ideology== The concept predated the Nazis, with the Artaman League sending urban children to the countryside not only for the experience, but as a core of ''Wehrbauern''.〔Heather Pringle, ''The Master Plan: Himmler's Scholars and the Holocaust'', p39 ISBN 0-7868-6886-4〕 The Nazi goal of colonizing the conquered East in accordance with Hitler's ''Lebensraum'' ideology was to be achieved through these soldier peasants, who were planned to act both as colonists and also as soldiers defending the new German colonies from the surrounding Slavic population in the cases of insurgency. They would be charged with not extending civilization but preventing it arising outside their settlements; any civilization, being non-German, would challenge Germany.〔Robert Cecil, ''The Myth of the Master Race: Alfred Rosenberg and Nazi Ideology'' p190 ISBN 0-396-06577-5〕 A historical comparison was drawn to the ''Ordensburgen'' of the medieval German military orders, which were established to fortify territory against the pagan Baltic natives. Beginning in 1938 the SS intensified the ideological indoctrination of the Hitler Youth Land Service (HJ-Landdienst). It promulgated its ideal of the German Wehrbauer. Special high schools were created under SS control to form a Nazi agrarian elite that was trained according to the principle of "blood and soil."〔Peter R. Hartmann, "Faschistische Agrarideologie und Kriegsvorbereitung," ''Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Universität Rostock: Gesellschafts- und Sprachwissenschaftliche Reihe'' (1972) Vol. 21 Issue 1, pp 143-147.〕 The SS plan for genocide and colonization of the territories of the Soviet Union was titled ''Generalplan Ost'' (English: Master Plan East). This plan projected the settlement of 10 million racially valuable "Germanics" (Germans, Dutch, Flemish, Scandinavians and English) in these territories in a span of 30 years, while circa 30 million Slavs and Balts were either to be assimilated or forcefully transferred to Siberia to make room for the newcomers. Volksdeutsche, such as the Volga Germans would also be transplanted.〔 The German Foreign Ministry however suggested that the racially unwanted population should be instead moved to Madagascar and Central Africa as soon as Germany had recovered its colonies lost in the Treaty of Versailles.〔''Hitlerin Saksa ja sen vapaaehtoisliikkeet'', p. 35, Mauno Jokipii, 2002, Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura ISBN 951-746-335-9 () (in Finnish)〕 From a historical perspective, the SS Wehrbauer concept was a deliberate reference to the model of the Military Frontier held by the Habsburg Empire against the incursions of the Osman Turks.〔Kersten (1957), p. 258〕 Himmler also believed that during the early migration period and the German eastward expansion of the Middle Ages, the conquering Germanic peasant farmer had, in addition to farming, defended his land with arms; the ''Wehrbauer'' model was to revive this custom. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wehrbauer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|