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The ''Wenzi'' (), or ''Tongxuan zhenjing'' (), is a Daoist classic allegedly written by a disciple of Laozi. Although generations of Chinese scholars have dismissed the ''Wenzi'' as a plagiarism or forgery, in 1973 archeologists excavating a 55 BCE tomb discovered a ''Wenzi'' copied on bamboo strips. ==Received text== The eponymous title ''Wenzi'' 文子 "Master Wen", suffixed with ''-zi'' 子 "child; person; master (title of respect)", is analogous with other Hundred Schools of Thought texts like ''Zhuangzi'' and ''Mozi''. Wen 文 "written character; literature; refinement; culture" is an infrequent Chinese surname, and "Wenzi" is interpretable as a ''nom de plume'' denoting "Master of Literature/Culture". Compare the common Chinese word ''wenzi'' 文字 "characters; script; writing; written language". In 742 CE, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang canonized the ''Wenzi'' as a Daoist scripture (along with the ''Daode jing'', ''Zhuangzi'', and ''Liezi'') honorifically called the ''Tongxuan zhenjing'' 通玄真經 "Authentic Scripture of Pervading Mystery". The emperor posthumously styled Wenzi as the Tongxuan Zhenren 通玄真人 "Authentic Person of Pervading Mystery". Written references to the ''Wenzi'' first appear in the Han Dynasty. The no longer extant 1st century BCE ''Qilue'' 七略 "Seven Summaries" by Liu Xiang and Liu Xin said the ''Wenzi'' had 9 ''pian'' 篇 "chapters". The bibliographical section of the 1st century CE ''Book of Han'' records the ''Wenzi'' text in 9 ''juan'' 卷 "rolls; volumes", says Wenzi was a student of Laozi, a contemporary of Confucius (551-479 BCE), and adviser to King Ping of Zhou (r. 770-720 BCE), but adds "the work appears to be a forgery" (tr. Sakade 2007:1041). In his ca. 523 CE ''Qilu'' 七录錄 "Seven Records", the Liang Dynasty scholar Ruan Xiaoxu 阮孝绪 records the ''Wenzi'' text in 10 volumes. Bibliographies in the 636 CE Book of Sui and the 945 CE New Book of Tang both record 12 volumes. The Daozang "Daoist Canon" includes three ''Wenzi'' redactions under the ''Yujue'' 玉訣 "Commentaries" subsection of the ''Dongshen'' 洞神 "Spirit Grotto" section. The oldest extant edition is the ''Tongxuan zhenjing zhu'' 通玄真經注 "Commentary on the Authentic Scripture of Pervading Mystery" by Xu Lingfu 徐灵府 (ca. 760-841) of the Tang Dynasty. The ''Tongxuan zhenjing zhenyi zhu'' 通玄真經正儀注 "Commentary on the Correct Meaning of the Authentic Scripture of Pervading Mystery" is by Zhu Bian 朱弁 (ca. 1085-1144) of the Song Dynasty. Third is the 1310 CE ''Tongxuan zhenjing zuanyi'' 通玄真經纘義 "Collected Explanations to the Authentic Scripture of Pervading Mystery" by Du Daojian 杜道坚 (1237–1318) of the Yuan Dynasty. Judith M. Boltz (1987:219) cites the opinion of Siku Quanshu bibliographers that Du's version was the most reliable ''Wenzi'' redaction. She notes that Du Daojian became the rightful literary heir to Wenzi when he discovered a copy of the classic at the Tongxuan Guan 通玄觀 "Abbey of Pervading Mystery" of Mount Jizhou 計籌 in Zhejiang, where hagiographic legend says Wenzi took refuge and wrote down his teachings. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wenzi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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