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The common whitethroat (''Sylvia communis'') is a common and widespread typical warbler which breeds throughout Europe and across much of temperate western Asia. This small passerine bird is strongly migratory, and winters in tropical Africa, Arabia, and Pakistan. This is one of several ''Sylvia'' species that has distinct male and female plumages. Both sexes are mainly brown above and buff below, with chestnut fringes to the secondary remiges. The adult male has a grey head and a white throat. The female lacks the grey head, and the throat is duller. The whitethroat's song is fast and scratchy, with a scolding tone. The hoarse, a little bit nasal call sounds like ''wed-wed'' or ''woid-woid''. The warning cry is long-pulled, rough ''tschehr'' which resembles that of the Dartford warbler. This species may appear to be closely related to the lesser whitethroat, the species having evolved only during the end of the last ice age similar to the willow warbler and chiffchaffs. However, researchers found the presence of a white throat is an unreliable morphological marker for relationships in ''Sylvia'', and the greater and lesser whitethroats are not closely related.〔Helbig, A. J. (2001): Phylogeny and biogeography of the genus ''Sylvia''. ''In:'' Shirihai, Hadoram: ''Sylvia warblers'': 24–25 Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J. ISBN 0-691-08833-0〕〔Dietzen, Christian, Eduardo Garcia-del-Ray, Guillermo D. Castro, and Michael Wink. "Phylogenetic Differentiation of Sylvia Species (Aves: Passeriformes) of the Atlantic Islands (Macaronesia) Based on Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Data and Morphometrics." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 95 (2008): 161–62. Birding Macronesia. Macaronesian Institute of Field Ornithology, 2011. Web. 19 July 2014. This is a bird of open country and cultivation, with bushes for nesting. The nest is built in low shrub or brambles, and 3–7 eggs are laid. Like most warblers, it is insectivorous, but will also eat berries and other soft fruit. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Common whitethroat」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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