|
Wirephoto or telephotography is the sending of pictures by telegraph or telephone. Western Union transmitted its first halftone photograph in 1921. AT&T followed in 1924,〔 (【引用サイトリンク】title=1924: Fax Service )〕 and RCA sent a ''Radiophoto'' in 1926. The Associated Press began its Wirephoto service in 1935 and held a trademark on the term ''AP Wirephoto'' between 1963 and 2004. The first AP photo sent by wire depicted the crash of a small plane in New York's Adirondack Mountains.〔 (【引用サイトリンク】title=AP History 1901-1950: The Modern Cooperative Grows )〕 Technologically and commercially, the wirephoto was the successor to Ernest A. Hummel's Telediagraph of 1895, which had transmitted electrically scanned shellac-on-foil originals over a dedicated circuit connecting the ''New York Herald'' and the ''Chicago Times Herald'', the ''St. Louis Republic'', the ''Boston Herald'', and the ''Philadelphia Inquirer''.〔 〕〔 (【引用サイトリンク】title=From Pearson's Magazine, April 1900 Pictures by Telegraph )〕 Édouard Belin's Belinograph of 1913, which scanned using a photocell and transmitted over ordinary phone lines, formed the basis for the AT&T Wirephoto service. In Europe, services similar to a wirephoto were called a Belino. The first wirephoto systems were slow and did not reproduce well. In 1929, Dr. Vladimir Zworykin, an electronics engineer working for Western Electric, came up with a system that produced a better reproduction and could transmit a full page in approximately one minute.〔 〕 In the 1930s, wirephoto machines of any reasonable speed were very large and expensive and required a dedicated phone line. News media firms like Associated Press used expensive leased telephone lines to transmit wirephotos. In the mid-1930s a technology battle began for less expensive portable wirephoto equipment that could transmit photos over standard phone lines. A prototype device in the experimental stage was available in San Francisco in 1935 when the large Navy airship Macon crashed into the Pacific off the coast of California. A photo was taken and transmitted to New York over regular phone lines. Later, a wirephoto copier and transmitter that could be carried anywhere and needed only a standard long-distance phone line was put into use by International News Photos.〔 〕 ==See also== *Frederick Bakewell *Alexander Bain *Giovanni Caselli *Fax *Hellschreiber *Pantelegraph *SSTV 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wirephoto」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|