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Vorkuta
Vorkuta ((ロシア語:Воркута́); (コミ語:Вӧркута), ''Vörkuta''; Nenets for ''place teems with bears'') is a coal-mining town in the Komi Republic, Russia, situated just north of the Arctic Circle in the Pechora coal basin at the Usa River. Population:
==History==
Industrial coal fields by Vorkuta River were discovered in 1930 by geologist . Georgy was son of another geologist, Alexander Chernov, who promoted the development of the Pechora coal basin, which included Vorkuta fields.〔("История Воркуты" )(retrieved August 3, 2004)〕〔("История Воркуты" )(retrieved August 3, 2004)〕 With this discovery coal mining industry started in Komi ASSR. At the time only southern parts of field were included in Komi ASSR. The northern part, including Vorkuta belonged to Nenets Autonomous Okrug of Arkhangelsk Oblast. In 1931 a geologist settlement was established by the coal field, with most of workers being inmates of Ukhta-Pechora Camp of GULAG (Ухтпечлаг, Ukhpechlag). 〔 〔("Историческая справка. МО ГО "Воркута"" ) (retrieved August 3, 2004)〕 The origins of the town of Vorkuta are associated in one of the more notorious forced labor camps of the Gulag which was established in 1932, with the start of the mining.
In 1941, Vorkuta and the labor camp system based around it were connected to the rest of the world by a prisoner-built railroad linking Konosha, Kotlas, and the camps of Inta. Town status was granted to Vorkuta on November 26, 1943.〔 It was the largest center of the Gulag camps in European Russia and served as the administrative center for a large number of smaller camps and subcamps, among them Kotlas, Pechora, and Izhma (modern Sosnogorsk). In 1953, the town witnessed a major uprising by the camp inmates.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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