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The village and civil parish of Writtle lies west of Chelmsford, Essex, England. It has a traditional village green complete with duck pond and a Norman church and was once described as 'one of the loveliest villages in England, with a ravishing variety of ancient cottages'. The village is now home to Writtle College, one of the UK's oldest and largest land-based colleges and a partner institution of the University of Essex, the grounds of which once housed a Royal hunting lodge, later the possession of the De Brus and De Bohun families. The suggestion that Writtle is the birthplace of Robert the Bruce, as well as his father Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale, is contested though its possession and use by both is incontrovertible. Today Writtle hosts the annual southern V Festival within the grounds of Comyn's Hylands Park. At the 2001 census, it had a population of 5,632. ==Early history== The Romans were present in Writtle〔(Cambridge University assessment of the Lordship Campus )〕 shortly after the Roman conquest by Claudius, but the presence of a metalled road,〔(Writtle College Masterplan - history of site )>〕 numerous archaeological finds and the ease with which the river can be forded in Writtle are still not significant enough evidence to suggest that Writtle, rather than Chelmsford, was the site of the Roman town of Caesaromagus, as suggested by the Essex historian Morant (et al.).〔(Essex Villages: Writtle )〕 Named in the Little Domesday Book, as a Royal demesne (manor) of 194 households, the village boasts the site of one of King John's hunting lodges,〔(The Historic Lands of England, p 120, By Bernard Burke, Published Churton, Clayton & Co 1848 )〕 sited within the grounds of the present HE institution Writtle College (circa 1210). The estate and village were later a possession of Isabel de Brus (Bruce), via a grant of Henry III〔( National Archives, SC 8/93/4605B )〕 and a known residence of her grandson Robert, father to the future king.〔Essex Records Office - Deed - D/DP T1/1770〕〔Essex Records Office - Deed - D/DBa T2/9〕 For a time thereafter it was leased to a Francis and Joan Bache, but the estate was taken by Isabel's great-grandson, Robert The Bruce, King of Scots, in the 1320s.〔( National Archives, SC 8/95/4727 )〕〔( National Archives, SC 8/104/5151 )〕 It was in Writtle in 1302 that Robert had married his second wife, Elizabeth de Burgh; there is some evidence to suggest he was also born in the village rather than in Turnberry Castle, but the story is possibly conflated with that of his father of the same name. Another well known historic figure who lived in Writtle was Sir John Petre (1549–1613).〔http://www.flickr.com/photos/60861613@N00/4094206042/〕 He sat as a Member of Parliament for Essex from 1584 to 1587 and also served as Lord Lieutenant of Essex. In 1603 he was raised to the peerage as Baron John Petre, the first baron of Writtle. Baron Petre publicly acknowledged that he was a Roman Catholic and refused to follow the Church of England during the time of Queen Elizabeth I and King James I. He died in October 1613, aged 63, and was succeeded in the barony by his son William,〔 who later married Katherine Somerset. One person from Writtle who did help to bring about the English Reformation was Dr. John Bastwick (1593–1654), a religious zealot who opposed Roman Catholic ceremonial in the years before the outbreak of the English Civil War.〔http://www.writtlevillage.co.uk/〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Writtle」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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