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Xanthium
''Xanthium'' (cocklebur) is a genus of flowering plants in the sunflower tribe within the daisy family, native to the Americas and eastern Asia.〔(Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 2: 987 ) in Latin〕〔〔
==Description==
Cockleburs are coarse, herbaceous annual plants growing to tall. The leaves are spirally arranged, with deeply toothed margins. Some species, notably ''Xanthium spinosum'', are also very thorny with long, slender spines at the leaf bases.〔(Flora of North America Vol. 21 Page 19, Lampourde, ''Xanthium'' Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 987. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 424. 1754. )〕
The flower heads are of two types; One, in short terminal branches, produces only pollen. The other, in clusters in the axils of the leaves, produces seed.〔
Unlike many other members of the family Asteraceae, whose seeds are airborne with a plume of silky hairs resembling miniature parachutes, cocklebur seeds are produced in a hard, spiny, globose or oval double-chambered, single-seeded bur long. It is covered with stiff, hooked spines, which sticks to fur and clothing and can be quite difficult to extract. These burs are carried long distances from the parent plant during seed dispersal by help of animals (zoochorous).〔(Flora of China Vol. 20-21 Page 4, 6, 852, 875 苍耳属 cang er shu ''Xanthium'' Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 987. 1753. )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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