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''Xanthoceras sorbifolium'' (yellowhorn, shiny leaf yellowhorn, goldenhorn, Chinese flowering chestnut) is a woody perennial in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae, and the only species in the genus ''Xanthoceras''. It is native to northern China in the provinces of Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Liaoning, Nei Monggol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, and Shandong.〔Germplasm Resources Information Network: (''Xanthoceras sorbifolium'' )〕 It is also cultivated in Russia, having been imported there since the 19th Century. It is a large shrub or small tree growing to 8 m tall. The leaves are arranged alternately, 12–30 cm long, and are pinnate, with 9–17 leaflets, the leaflets 3–6 cm long, with a sharly serrated margin.〔University of British Columbia (Asian Garden Photos: ''Xanthoceras sorbifolium'' )〕 The flowers are 2–3 cm diameter, with five white petals, and are produced in erect panicles 10–20 cm long in mid spring. The fruit is an oval leathery capsule 5–6 cm diameter, which splits into three sections at maturity to release the 6–18 seeds; the seeds are black, 1.5 cm diameter, resembling a small horse chestnut seed.〔Huxley, A., ed. (1992). ''New RHS Dictionary of Gardening''. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.〕〔University of British Columbia (Botany Photo of the Day, August 31, 2006: ''Xanthoceras sorbifolia'' and ''Aesculus hippocastanum'' )〕 The genus is considered to be the most basal member of the family.〔Harrington, M. G., Edwards, K. J., Johnson, S. A., Mark W. Chase, M. W., & Gadek, P. A. (2005). Phylogenetic inference in Sapindaceae ''sensu lato'' using plastid ''mat''K and ''rbc''L DNA sequences. ''Systematic Botany'' 30 (2): 366-382. (Abstract. )〕 The genus name means 'yellow horn'. The species name refers to the leaves, similar to those of rowans (''Sorbus''). It was originally spelled as ''sorbifolia'', but this is a grammatical error that was corrected to ''sorbifolium'' under the ICBN.〔 ''X. sorbifolium'' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.〔http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=4314〕 The leaves, flowers, and seeds of yellowhorn are all edible.〔Plants for a Future Database (''Xanthoceras sorbifolium'' )〕 File:Xanthoceras sorbifolia, Arnold Arboretum - IMG 6061.JPG File:Xanthoceras sorbifolia, Arnold Arboretum - IMG 6057.JPG File:Xanthoceras sorbifolium 01.JPG == References == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Xanthoceras」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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