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Xanthippe
Xanthippe (; (ギリシア語:Ξανθίππη), (:kʰsantʰíp̚pɛ͜ɛ); 5th century – 4th century BCE) was an ancient Athenian, the wife of Socrates and mother of their three sons: Lamprocles, Sophroniscus, and Menexenus. She was likely much younger than Socrates, perhaps by as much as 40 years.〔She must have been young enough to give birth to their three children Plato describes in his writings: In the ''Apology'' 34d, the sons are described as quite young: two of them "children", the other a "lad"; in Plato's ''Phaedo'' 60a, one of them is small enough to be held in his mother's arms. Both dialogues take place when Socrates is supposed to have been 70 years old.〕
==Name==
Xanthippe means "yellow horse", from the Greek ξανθός ''xanthos'' (blonde) and ἵππος ''hippos'' (horse). Hers is one of many Greek personal names with a horse theme (cf. ''Philippos'' "friend of horses", ''Hippocrates'' "horse tamer" etc.). The ''hippos'' in an ancient Greek name often suggested aristocratic heritage.〔Aristophanes, (''Clouds'' 60-64 ). Xanthippus, e.g., was the father of Pericles. Also, ''hippeis'', literally "horsemen" or "knights", was the name of one of the highest socio-economic classes of Athens.〕 One additional reason for thinking Xanthippe's family was socially prominent was that her eldest son was named Lamprocles instead of "Sophroniscus" (after Socrates' father): the ancient Greek custom was to name one's first child after the more illustrious of the two grandfathers. Xanthippe's father is believed to have been named Lamprocles. Since he was even more well-established in Athenian aristocracy than was Socrates' father, his name would have been the preferred choice for the name of the first-born son.〔John Burnet 1911, ''Plato: Phaedo'', p. 12.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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