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The Xian Y-20 (Chinese: 运-20) is a large military transport aircraft. The project is being developed by Xi'an Aircraft Industrial Corporation and was officially launched in 2006.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=China's first heavy transporter Y-20 takes off )〕 The official codename of the aircraft is Kunpeng ().〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Y-20 gives air power a push )〕 after the mythical bird of ancient China that can fly for thousands of kilometres.〔Dave Sloggett, "THE DRAGON Gains its Strategic Wings" ''Air International'', March 2013, pp. 94-95〕 However, within the Chinese aviation industry itself, the aircraft is more commonly known by its nickname Chubby Girl (), because its wide fuselage in comparison to other Chinese aircraft previously developed in China.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Y-20 )〕 ==Design and development== The Y-20's general designer is Tang Changhong (),〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=New jumbo transport jet completes more tests )〕 (the general designer of Xian JH-7), and the deputy general designer is Guo Zhaodian ().〔 The aircraft was primarily designed and developed in China under Xi'an Aircraft Industrial Corporation.〔http://www.military-today.com/aircraft/y20.htm〕 The Y-20 uses components made of composite materials. The composites are produced in China, whereas in the past they had to be imported. The Y-20's cabin incorporates flame-retardant composites developed by the 703 Institute of the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC). The 703 Institute was created in March 2009 with development taking three years. The performance of the composites is reportedly comparable to those that fulfill FAR Part 25.835. The 703 Institute achieved another milestone by establishing a comprehensive Chinese evaluation and certification system for aircraft composite materials based on international standards. The Y-20 is the first cargo aircraft to use 3-D printing technology to speed up its development and to lower its manufacturing cost.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=央è§é¦æ¬¡æå è¿20è¿è¾æºé©¾é©¶è±å é¨çè´µç»é¢_åäº_ç¯çç½ )〕 Model-based definition (MBD) is also used, and it's the 3rd aircraft to utilize MBD technology in the world, after Boeing 787 (2005) and Airbus A380 (2007).〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Development of Y-20 )〕 A project team to implement MBD for Y-20 program was formally formed in October 2009, and after the initial success in application on the main landing gear, MBD application was expanded to the entire aircraft and became mandatory for all contractors and sub contractors of the Y-20 program.〔 The implementation of MBD was initially met with strong resistance, with only a third of suppliers agreed to implement MBD, but the general designer of Y-20 declared those who refuse to do so will be banned from participating in Y-20 program, thus forcing everyone to comply, resulting in increase in productivity.〔 The implementation of MBD greatly shortened the time required, for example, without MBD, installation of wings takes a month or two, but with MBD adopted, the time is drastically shortened to just a few hours, and in general, the design work reduced by 40%, preparation for production reduced by 75%, and manufacturing cycle reduced by 30%.〔 In addition to 3-D printing, Y-20 is also the first aircraft in China adopting associative design technology (ADT) in its development, the second aircraft to do so in the world, after Boeing 787.〔 Headed by the deputy general designer of structural design, Mr. Feng Jun (冯军), the initial attempt to implement ADT actually failed after two months spent on application on the nose section. It was only after the second attempt that took another three months on the application on wings did ADT became successful.〔 The adaptation of ADT greatly shortened the development time by at least eight months, and modification of wing design that previously took a week is shortened to half a day.〔 Cargo is loaded through a large aft ramp that accommodates rolling stock. The Y-20 incorporates a shoulder wing, T-tail, rear cargo-loading assembly and heavy-duty retractable landing gear, consists of three rows, with a pair of wheels for each row, totaling six wheels for each side. The structural test was completed in 194 days as opposed to the 300 days originally planned, thanks to the successful development and application of an automated structural strength analysis system.〔 In comparison, similar work for Xian JH-7 took a year.〔 According to the deputy general designer, the shortest take-off distance of Y-20 is 600 to 700 meters.〔 Y-20 incorporates a total of four LCD EFIS, and the development of EFIS for Y-20 utilizes virtual reality via helmet mounted display.〔 Eight types of different relays used on Y-20 are developed by Guilin Aerospace Co., Ltd. a wholly own subsidiary of (China Tri-River Aerospace Group Co., Ltd.(中国三江航天集团) ), which is also known as the 9th Academy of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation (CASIC).〔 It was reported that the Y-20 started ground testing from December 2012, including runway taxi tests.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Y-20 transport aircraft starts testing, first flight completed )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Chinese Y-20 revealed in new online pictures )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=IN FOCUS: China’s new strategic airlifter )〕 The aircraft made its maiden flight lasting one hour on January 26, 2013.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=我国自主发展的运—20大型运输机首次试飞取得圆满成功 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= 视频 国产大型运输机运-20首飞成功 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= 视频 国产大型运输机首飞成功：我国运输机发展之路 )〕 During landing in first flight, it was reported that the Y-20 prototype bounced once before finally settling on runway due to high landing speed.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= VIDEO:Y-20 prototype first flight completed )〕 In December 2013, a new Y-20 prototype took to the sky.〔http://net.chinabyte.com/351/12807851.shtml〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Xian Y-20」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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