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A yalı ((トルコ語:yalı), from Greek ''yiáli'' ''γιαλή'' (mod. ''γιαλός''), literally "seashore, beach"〔(TDK Online - Yalı entry )〕〔(Nisanyan.com - Etymological Dictionary - Yalı )〕) is a house or mansion constructed at immediate waterside (almost exclusively seaside, particularly on the Bosphorus strait in Istanbul) and usually built with an architectural concept that takes into account the characteristics of the coastal location. A family who owned a waterside residence would spend some time in this usually secondary residence located at the sea shore, as opposed to the "konak" (''mansion'', aside from the term's use to refer to buildings with administrative functions) or the "köşk" (''pavilion'', often serving a determined practical purpose, such as hunting, or implying a temporary nature). Thus, going to the "yalı" acquired the sense of both going to the seaside and to the house situated there. In its contemporary sense, the term "yalı" is used primarily to denote the total amount of 620 waterside residences, mostly dating from the 19th century (some of them date from the 18th century, and some from the early 20th century), sprinkled along the Bosphorus in Istanbul. As such, they constitute one of the city's landmarks. Finely worked wood was the predominant construction material chosen for yalıs, as it was for the large majority of traditional Turkish houses. Successive restorations often caused the wooden parts of the overall structure to be gradually reduced, but wood nevertheless remains the prominent and identifying material of historic yalıs. It is not uncommon for the most recently restored mansions to employ wood principally for external decoration purposes. The oldest surviving yalı is the one built by the grand vizier Amcazade Köprülü Hüseyin Pasha (of the highly influent Köprülü family) in 1699 at the Kanlıca neighbourhood (within Beykoz district), on the Asiatic shores of the Bosphorus. From this yalı, the hall of audience (''divanhane'') and its immediate annexes have survived. On the opposite European shores, the oldest to remain is the "Şerifler Yalısı" in the Emirgan neighbourhood (within Sarıyer district), which was built in 1780 but bears the name of a later owner. The most expensive yalı is "Erbilgin Yalısı" located in Yeniköy, Istanbul. Forbes magazine listed "Erbilgin Yalısı" as the fifth most expensive house in the world with a price tag of $100 million.〔(Forbes.com - Most expensive homes )〕 Cornucopia, a magazine about the arts, culture and history of Turkey, has a regular feature on the Bosphorus yalıs, their architecture and their interiors.〔(Cornucopia Magazine, ISSN 1301-8175 )〕 Notable inclusions have been the Yalı of Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Pasha,〔(Cornucopia: Yalı of Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Pasha )〕 the Yalı of Ethem Pertev,〔(Cornucopia: Yalı of Ethem Pertev )〕 the Yalı of Saffet Pasha,〔(Cornucopia: Yalı of Saffet Pasha )〕 and the Yalı of Zeki Pasha.〔(Cornucopia: Yalı of Zeki Pasha )〕 There are also historical yalis available for commercial lease. == Prices == Yalıs are known as the most expensive houses of Istanbul. Some of the most expensive yalıs are as follows: ''Hekimbaşı Salih Efendi Yalısı'' ($185,000,000); ''Şehzade Burhaneddin Efendi Yalısı'' ($150,000,000); ''Tophane Müşiri Zeki Paşa Yalısı'' ($125,000,000); ''Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Paşa Yalısı'' ($120,000,000); ''Kont Ostrorog Yalısı'' ($105,000,000); ''Zarif Mustafa Paşa Yalısı'' ($70,000,000). The well known Sabancı family purchased the ''Ahmet Afif Paşa Yalısı'' in Yeniköy for 58,000,000 TL in 2009.〔(Istanbul Bosphorus Yali Houses )〕〔http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/magazin/haber/10292195.asp〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yalı」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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