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Yanuh-Jat ((アラビア語:يانوح-جت), ) is a local council in the North District of Israel, northeast of Acre, consisting of the villages of Yanuh and Jat, which merged in 1990. The town had a population of 5,300 in 2006 and the inhabitants are predominantly members of the Druze community. ==History== In Yanuh, old hewn stones have been found reused in village houses. Lintels, oil press, grape press, cisterns cut in rock and old graves have also been described.〔Dauphin, 1998, p. 637〕 Remains from the Bronze Ages, the Iron Age, the Hellenistic, Roman and the Byzantine periods were found when an area near the shrine of ''Shaykh Abu Arus'' in Jat was excavated.〔 4th and 5th century CE glass vases were found in Jat when a burial cave was excavated in 1966. Ceramics from the same period was also found, together with a bronze bell in an excavation in 1967 of a grave with a central chamber and loculi.〔Dauphin, 1998, p. 638〕 In the Crusader era, Jat was known under the name of ''Jesce'', ''Jeth'' or ''Gez''. It first belonged to the lord who had a seat at Mi'ilya, ("Castellum Regis"), later it belonged to the Teutonic Knights.〔Cinamon, 2011, (Jatt Final Report )〕 In 1220 Joscelin III´s daughter Beatrix de Courtenay and her husband Otto von Botenlauben, Count of Henneberg, sold their land, including ''Gez'', to the Teutonic Knights.〔Strehlke, 1869, pp. (43 )- 44, No. 53; cited in Röhricht, 1893, RHH, p. (248 ), No. 934 (16); cited in Frankel, 1988, p. 263〕 Earlier sources identified the Crusader place of ''Lanahie'' with Yanuh,〔Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. (155 )〕〔Rey, 1883, p. (492 )〕 however, newer researchers place ''Lanahie'' near Umm al-Faraj.〔At grid number 160, 267, see Frankel, 1988, pp. 263, 267-8〕 ===Ottoman era=== In 1517, the area was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire with the rest of Palestine, and in 1596 Yanuh appeared in the Ottoman tax registers under the name of "Yanuh al-Ward" as being in the ''nahiya'' (subdistrict) of Akka under the ''Liwa'' of Safad, with a population of 16 households and 2 bachelors, all Muslim. It paid taxes on a number of crops, including wheat and barley, fruit trees, as well as on goats, beehives and "winter pastures".〔Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 194〕〔Note that Rhode, 1979, p. (6 ) writes that the register that Hütteroth and Abdulfattah studied was not from 1595/6, but from 1548/9〕 Jat might possibly be the village mentioned under the name of ''Kafr Yuda (Yura)'' in the same daftar, a village with a population of 28 households, also all Muslim.〔Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 193. The authors do not give the grid number for this village on p. 193, but in the maps the village (z21) is placed in the position of Jat, with a "?", indicating that the authors have not been totally sure that present Jat equals the ''Kafr Yuda (Yura)'' of 1596.〕 French explorer Victor Guérin visited Yanuh in August 1875, and found Cisterns cut in the rock, and many cut stones scattered over the soil, surrounding platforms or employed as building material, show that we are here on the site of a small ancient city, the name of which is faithfully preserved in its modern name.'〔Guérin, 1880, pp. (18-19 ), as translated by Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. (193 )〕 At the same time he noted about "Djett" that 'this is the site of an ancient township, of which there remain cisterns, a built reservoir, and fragments of cut stones disposed about platforms or built up in the walls of modern constructions. Its ancient name was probably Gath, Gith, or Gittah, given to many towns in Palestine, of which Jett is the modern form.'〔Guérin, 1880, p. (18 ), as translated by Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. (168 )〕 In the 1881 Palestine Exploration Fund's ''Survey of Western Palestine'' (SWP), Yanuh was described as a village "built of stone, in two parts, having the tomb of a Neby in the southern portion; the village is partially in ruins, and contains about 170 Druzes; it is situated on the high ground on the western brow of a ridge, and is surrounded by olives and a little arable land, but mostly brushwood; there are two birkets and cisterns to supply water."〔Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. (148 )〕 SWP at the same time described "Jett" as "a village, built of stone, on the ridge of a hill; contains about 120 Druzes (according to Guerin, 150); surrounded by olives and figs; the water from cisterns and wells."〔Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. (145 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yanuh-Jat」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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