|
Yati ("Jati" in vernaculars) historically was the general term for a Jain monk. In the late medieval period it came to represent a stationary monk, who lived in one place rather than wandering as required for a Jain monk.〔Jain Yati Parampara, Agarchand Nahta, Kesarimalji Surana Abhinandan Granth, 1982, p. 71-78〕 The term was more common for the Śvētāmbara monastics, but was also used by the Digambaras. The term has also been occasionally for ascetics from other traditions.〔http://dictionary.buddhistdoor.com/en/word/91233/yati Buddhist Dictionary〕 Some scholars married and were termed ''Sansari yati''〔The A to Z of Jainism Kristi L. Wiley, Scarecrow Press, Jul 16, 2009, p. 240〕 or mahātmās.〔http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/ttp/ramayana/accessible/pages21and22.html#content Ramayana - Pages 21 and 22, The colophon in red states that the text was written by the Mahatma Hirananda〕〔The Dabistán: Or, School of Manners: The Religious Beliefs, Observances, Philosophic Opinions and Social Customs of the Nations of the East, Fānī Muḣsin, Translated by David Shea, Anthony Troyer, M. Walter Dunne, 1901, p. 275-276〕 Some ruling dynasties in Rajasthan had a close relationship with yatis.〔(पुरालेखा स्रोत, राहुल तनेगारिया, कतिपय जैन यति भी राज परिवारों की वंशावलियां रखते थे। खरतरगच्छ के जैन यति मारवाड़ राजवंश के कुलगुरु माने जाते थे। )〕 Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak mentions that yatis were invited to participate in the discussion on religions.〔,अकबर और तत्कालीन भारत, Ed. Irfan Habib, Rajkamal Prakashan Pvt Ltd, 2009 p. 104〕 The stationary yatis often managed institutions and properties. Some of their residences are termed ''Jatiji'' in their memory.〔( भाग्योदय संस्कार शिविर व रक्षाबंधन पर्व आयोजित, August - 2 - 2012, रोहतक, 2 अगस्त (हप्र)। झज्जर रोड पर स्थित जैन जतीजी में जैनाचार्य गुप्तिनन्दी जी गुरुदेव ने रक्षाबंधन के पर्व पर 15 वर्ष से ऊपर की आयु के सैकड़ों गुरुभक्तों को भाग्योदय के संस्कारों से संस्कारित किया )〕 With reestablishment of orders of wandering (''samvegi'') monks since late 19th and early 20th century, the number of yatis have declined significantly.〔The Penguin Handbook of the World's Living Religions, Penguin UK, Mar 25, 2010〕〔People of India: Rajasthan, K. S. Singh, Popular Prakashan, Jan 1, 1998 p. 991-994〕 ==Shripujya== The heads of the institutions of Śvētāmbara Yatis were often termed Shripujya,〔Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency, Volume 9, Part 1, Bombay (India : State), Government Central Press, 1901, p. 109〕 similar to Digambara institutions headed by the Bhattarakas. Only a celibate yati could become a Shripujya. They have now been replaced by Acharyas who head orders of wandering monks. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yati」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|