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Yeong-gam or Younggam (hangul:영감, in hanja:令監) is a nickname or Korean honorific for an old man in Korea. Yeong-gam was historically an honorific title for second-level and third-level civil servants;〔 아시아투데이 2011-01-17〕 Vice-Minister, Assistant Secretary〔( 의전서열 ) 한겨레 2005.07.25〕 of the Korean Goryeo Dynasty and Joseon Dynastys. Over time the word became an honorific or nickname for a judge, county governor,〔(이 대단한 분 ) 중도일보 2004-03-22 〕 head of a township〔korean name is 'myeon'(면 ; 面)〕 or old man.〔 In recent years, yeong-gam has come to be used primarily as a nickname for elderly men.〔(일상에 남은 옛말의 흔적 ) 한국경제 2011/04/01 〕 Yeong-gam has been used in Korea for more than a thousand years. ==History== Yeong-gam was first used as an honorific for a lower level civil servants 〔 Busanilbo 2007.12.14〕〔(삼도수군통제사 이순신 조선시대 고위직 '종2품' ) hangyorye 2005.02.20 〕 of the Goryeo Dynasty and Joseon Dynastys, though the first instance of its use is unknown. Nyeong-gam(녕감, 령감), was the first spelling used for this name, it was later changed to yeong-gam. The term yeong-gam comes after public office and peerage titles in a man's name. In the Joseon Dynastys, men over their 80th birthday were bestowed the honorary position Assistant Secretary. At their 90th birthday they were given the honorary position of Vice-Minister. 〔 With the fall of Joseon, the position of 'Sang-gam(상감)'. Along with the change in the meaning of these positions, Korean patriarchal perspectives were added to the usages of young-gam, which became a common designation; 1. When judges refer to each other 2. When others who are not judges refer to judges 3. When people refer to the mayor 4. When people refer to their elders 5. When women refer to their husbands. After the Joseon dynastys, the use of yeong-gam continued in Japan and Colonial Korea as an honorific for the position of country governor, judge, prosecutor, and district attorney.〔 2010.09.13 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yeonggam」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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