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Yonas
Yonas or Jonah (died May, 1813) was ' (18 August 1797 – 4 January 1798) of Ethiopia. He was the son of Letezum, and the grandson of the Emperor Fasilides.〔H. Weld Blundell, ''The Royal chronicle of Abyssinia, 1769-1840'' (Cambridge: University Press, 1922), p. 446〕
According to E.A. Wallis Budge, Yonas was a forehead, proclaimed Emperor by ''Ras'' Isra'el of Begemder, and deposed by Gugsa, a chieftain of the Yejju Oromo.〔E.A. Wallis Budge, ''A History of Ethiopia: Nubia and Abyssinia'', 1970 (Oosterhout, the Netherlands: Anthropological Publications, 1970), p. 479〕 However, the ''Royal Chronicle'' records that he was proclaimed Emperor after the Emperor who controlled Gondar, Salomon III, had been defeated by the rebel ''Balambaras'' Asserat, who forced him to flee Gondar.〔 However, during Yonas' reign the realm was afflicted by a famine in which "more men died than could be numbered." Yonas' son Mafu died 7 November then his wife Esther, both apparently from this famine. Lacking any support or rationale for his rule, the major warlords of the time -- ''Ras'' Mare'ed, ''Dejazmach'' Hailu Eshte, ''Dejazmach'' Wolde Selassie, and ''Ras'' Guebra -- all successfully petitioned to Emperor Tekle Giyorgis to return from exile in Waldebba and become ruler once again. Upon learning of Tekle Giyorgis' approach when he was still one day's march away, Yonas fled to sanctuary in the Abuna's palace.〔Weld Blundell, ''The Royal chronicle'', pp. 447f〕
After months of hiding in the Abuna's palace, Yonas became a potential pawn when Waheldu, the brother of Asserat and also in conflict with the major warlords, attempted to have Yonas brought to him and used as his own candidate for Emperor. Tekle Giyorgis managed to foil this plot by giving amnesty to Yonas, and had him and Yonas' brother Goshu, "dwell with him in friendship" in the Royal Enclosure.〔Weld Blundell, ''The Royal chronicle'', p. 453〕
By 1802, he was a prisoner in Lasta.〔Weld Blundell, ''The Royal chronicle'', p. 471〕 Henry Salt is reported to have met with his son Fasilidas in Adowa 16 September 1805, and who "seemed anxious to have a private conversation (Salt ), but was prevented."〔John J. Halls, ''Life and Correspondence of Henry Salt'', (London, 1834), vol. 1 p. 120〕 Nathaniel Pearce reports that Yonas was living in exile in Gojjam at the time of his death, and died penniless "without leaving sufficient even to purchase a coffin to receive ... () remains, or money enough for ''fettart'' or ''toscar''."〔Nathaniel Pearce, J.J. Halls. ed. ''The Life and Adventures of Nathaniel Pearce'' (London, 1831), vol. 1, pp. 124f. Pearce heard of Yonas' death on 7 June, but did not record the exact date it occurred.〕
== References ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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