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Yōkai
are a class of supernatural monsters and spirits in Japanese folklore. The word yōkai is made up of the kanji for "bewitching; attractive; calamity" and "apparition; mystery; suspicious".〔(Youkai Kanji ) and (Youkai Definition ) via Denshi Jisho at jisho.org Retrieved 22 July 2013.〕 They can also be called , , or . Yōkai range eclectically from the malevolent to the mischievous, or occasionally bring good fortune to those who encounter them. Often they possess animal features (such as the ''Kappa'', which is similar to a turtle, or the ''Tengu'' which has wings), other times they can appear mostly human, some look like inanimate objects and others have no discernible shape. ''Yōkai'' usually have a spiritual supernatural power, with shapeshifting being one of the most common. ''Yōkai'' that have the ability to shapeshift are called obake.
Japanese folklorists and historians use ''yōkai'' as "supernatural or unaccountable phenomena to their informants". In the Edo period, many artists, such as Toriyama Sekien, created ''yōkai'' inspired by folklore or their own ideas, and in the present, several ''yōkai'' created by them (e.g. Kameosa and Amikiri, see below) are wrongly considered as being of legendary origin.
==Types==
There are a wide variety of ''yōkai'' in Japanese folklore. In general, ''yōkai'' is a broad term, and can be used to encompass virtually all monsters and supernatural beings, even including creatures from European folklore on occasion.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Yōkai」の詳細全文を読む
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