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Yugoslavism refers to nationalism or patriotism centred upon the Yugoslavs - an identity referring to a united singular South Slav people and the South Slav populated territories of southeastern Europe. Yugoslavism has historically advocated the union of all South Slav populated territories now composing Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Montenegro, Serbia (and the disputed region of Kosovo), Slovenia, and Macedonia. Yugoslavism was a potent political force during World War I with the assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand by the Yugoslavist militant Gavrilo Princip and the subsequent invasion of Serbia by Austria-Hungary, which sought to rally the South Slav peoples against Austro-Hungarian imperial domination and in support of an independent Yugoslavia that was achieved in 1918. == Background == There were sectional South Slavic ethnic nationalists who endorsed Yugoslavism as a means to achieve their ethnicity's unification. After 1878, Serbian nationalists merged their goals with those of Yugoslavists, emulating the leading role of the kingdom of Sardinia and Piedmont in the ''Risorgimento'' of Italy by claiming that Serbia sought not only to unite all Serbs in one state, but that it intended to be a South Slavic equivalent of Piedmont, uniting all South Slavs into one state to be known as Yugoslavia. Croatian nationalists became interested in Yugoslavism as a means to achieve the unification of the Croatian lands, in opposition to their division under Austria-Hungary, particularly with Yugoslavist leader Strossmayer advocating this as being achievable within a federalized Yugoslav monarchy. Slovenian nationalists such as Anton Korošec also endorsed Yugoslav unification during the First World War, seeing it as a means to free Slovenia from Austro-Hungarian rule. Efforts were made to incorporate Bulgaria into Yugoslavia.〔Ahmet Ersoy, Maciej Górny, Vangelis Kechriotis. Modernism: The Creation of Nation-States. Central European University Press, 2010. p. 363.〕 However, Bulgarian nationalists resented Serbia's annexation of Vardar Macedonia in 1913, a region they had sought to incorporate into Bulgaria, and the Bulgarian government thus rejected pan-South Slavic unification led by Serbia and waged war on Serbia on the side of the Central Powers, who had promised Bulgaria the right to annex Vardar Macedonia in exchange for waging war on Serbia. However, the Bulgarian coup d'état of 1934 resulted in the supporters of that coup rising to power. They declared their intention of immediately forming an alliance with France and seeking the unification of Bulgaria into an integral Yugoslavia, but this was not achieved.〔Khristo Angelov Khristov. ''Bulgaria, 1300 years''. Sofia, Bulgaria: Sofia Press, 1980. Pp. 192.〕 Yugoslavists claim that the factional divide, differences, and conflict between the Yugoslav peoples are the result of foreign imperialism in the history of the Balkans.〔 As a result of religious divisions, Yugoslavism has typically avoided religious overtones.〔 Yugoslavism had two major internal divisions that typically splintered the movement. One faction promotes a centralised state and assimilation of all ethnicities into a single Yugoslav nationality.〔 The other faction supports a decentralised and multicultural federation that would preserve existing identities while promoting unity, while being opposed to the idea of centralisation and assimilation that they deemed as effectively favouring Serb hegemony rather than Yugoslav unity.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yugoslavism」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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