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Yxsmedsgränd
Yxsmedsgränd (Swedish: "Axe Blacksmith's Alley") is an alley in Gamla stan, the old town in central Stockholm, Sweden.
Stretching south from Västerlånggatan to Stora Nygatan, it forms a parallel street to Didrik Ficks Gränd and Kåkbrinken and is crossed by Lilla Nygatan and Munkbrogatan.
Throughout its history it appears under various names : ''Yskemes grenden'' (1612), ''Öskiemyss gränden'' (1623), ''Yxe Smedes Grenden'' (1646), ''Yxe-Smeds gr''(), ''Ödesgr''(), ''Uttermarks gr''() (1733), ''Yxsmedsgränd'' (1885).
== History ==
The present name is a corruption of the original ''Yskemes grenden'' probably meaning "The Alley of () Yskemes", mentioned as "the late ''Jörenn Yschemesses''" in 1606 and said to have owned a property in the alley. Except the man leaving a widow called Marie, nothing much is known about him. The name can arguably be of Estonian or Finnish origin, originally meaning ''öitsi-mees'', "night watchman" (e.g. over cattle). The part of the alley between the two Nygatan streets was however called ''Herr Amunds gränd'' ("Alley of Mr. Amund") as early as 1593, a name which appears as late as 1622. Another name appearing 1557 and 1589, ''Hans Skuttes gränd'' and ''Olof Skottes gränd'', might be referring to the same alley. In 1684, the part below Lilla Nygränd was named ''Uttermarksgränden'' after the accountant Daniel Benktsson Uttermark owing a property there. The uppermost part of the alley between Västerlånggatan and Stora Nygatan, the part originally called Yskemes gränd, is known as ''Sigfrid Olofssons gränd'' in 1589 and 1621 while a property there is being referred to as ''Yskemetshuset'' ("house of Yskemet") in 1616 and 1618. The name then appears under various forms during the middle of the century, the corrupted version dominating historical documents by 1673. On a map dated 1733 the alley is still divided into three parts with individual names - Yxsmedsgränd being used exclusively for the upper part - only to get united as Yxsmedsgränd in 1885.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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