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The ZIL-4104 was a limousine built from the late 1970s to the early 1980s, when it served as the transport of the elite of the Soviet Union. It is estimated that no more than fifty cars were produced each year. Originally designated ZiL-115,〔Thompson, Andy. ''Cars of the Soviet Union'' (Haynes Publishing, Somerset, UK, 2008), p.218.〕 the ZIL-4104 was an update of the ZIL-114 with which it shared the same chassis and over half its mechanical components.〔Thompson, p.218.〕 There was considerable restyling and now exterior styling was mostly mash-up copy of the mid-1970s Chrysler New Yorker and Imperial cars Despite sharing the same chassis, the ZIL-4104 was still as much as 314 kg (692 lb) heavier than the 114. Mechanically, the ZIL-4104 also improved on the 114. The pushrod V8 engine of the 114 had its stroke increased from to . With a bore, this meant the capacity increased from to ,〔Thompson, pp.217 & 219.〕 which was throughout the model's lifespan one of the world's biggest passenger-car engines (Cadillac offered a engine). This engine developed 315 hp SAE Gross at 4,400 revs per minute and a substantial at 2500 rpm.〔Thompson, p.219.〕 Weighing in at , and measuring long, wide, and high, it needed it.〔Thompson, p.219.〕 Among its special features were special laminated windscreen and triple-layered windows, supposedly offering protection from radiation in case of nuclear attack, plus duplicated systems, including dual ignition, two 74-amp batteries in parallel, and two fuel pumps.〔Thompson, pp.219-220.〕 The console and dash were covered with Karelian birch thick, and the rear seat controlled radio (a ''Riga'' receiver), power windows, heater, and air conditioner; in the console in front was a ''Vilma'' cassette player.〔Thompson, p.220.〕 The fuel tank was and the car used leaded 95 octane petrol, getting .〔Thompson, p.219.〕 By 1984, a new three-speed automatic transmission had replaced the much outdated two-speed type that had been used by ZIL dating back to the first ZIL-111 in 1958. The ZiL-4104s were "built under conditions of strict secrecy" and were "maintained in closed garages by a special division of the KGB", with everyone involved in building and servicing them sworn to secrecy.〔Thompson, p.220.〕 ==Variants== *ZIL-4104: Base model. Also known as ZIL-115; produced 1978-1983. *ZIL-4105: Armored version of 4104. *ZIL-41042: Ambulance version. Also known as ZIL-115A. *ZIL-41043: As 41042 except with communications equipment. *ZIL-41044: Short wheelbase convertible oversion. *ZIL-41045: Restyled ZIL-4104. Produced 1983-1985. *ZIL-41046: Radio car version. *ZIL-41048: ZIL-4104 with automatic climate control. Produced in 1984. *ZIL-41051: Armored version of 41045. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「ZIL-4104」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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