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Zarrinnaal or Zarrin Naal (Persian: زرين نعل) is the name of a dynasty of Persian-Kurdish tribal chiefs and state officials belonging to the Zarrin Kafsh tribe and originated from Sanandaj in the Iranian Kurdistan Province. Their heads with the title of ''Beyg'', ''Beyk'' or ''Beg'' (lit."lord") were the ''Agha''s of Senneh ("Masters of Sanandaj") and ruled their fiefdom during the time of four hundred years when the Safavids (r. 1501-1722), Afsharids (r. 1736–1796) and finally Qajar dynasty (r. 1785–1925) reigned in Iran.〔Zarrinkafsch: ''"Transition of Tribal Nobility to Urban Elite"'', in: ''Qajar Studies'', Vol. VIII, 2008, p. 97 ff.; see also: ''The Zarrinkafsch (Bahman-Qajar) Webpage'' http://www.zarrinkafsch-bahman.org〕 ==Origin and meaning of the name== About the origin of the name "''Zarrinnaal''" various stories are told: One says the family's ancestor rode in a battle against a foreign power a horse with golden horseshoes (Persian ''Zarrin Naal'') and therefore was named after.〔Oral tradition by Ahmad Khan Zarrinnaal.〕 Another says that this ancestor was sent as Persia's envoy to the Mughal Empire for border negotiations with the Indians. To show his wealth on this special ceremonial occasion and to convince his partners to agree, he once put golden horseshoes on his horse. When he took a ride the animal lost its horseshoes, people picked them up and so forth nicknamed him ''Zarrinnaal''.〔Oral tradition by Kazem Khan Zarrinnaal.〕 This also reports M. Lesan ol-Molk in his historical chronicle.〔Lesan ol-Molk: ''Nasekh at-Tawarikh'', Vol. 3, p. 439.〕 In fact there was a certain Mohammad Ali Beyg sent as ambassador to the Mughal court by Shah Abbas! A third story tells us that this ancestor wanted to marry a shah's daughter but the king denied to give him his daughter's hand. Thus, he rode on a horse with golden horseshoes to impress the king and finally could pick up his bride.〔Oral tradition by Sakineh Zarrinnaal and Manijeh Vali.〕 However, after this man his entire clan was called in the very same way and his descendents were entitled "''Zarrinnaal''" in honour to that forefather. In fact the term ''naal'' or to be more precise ''na'al'' (نعل) means in modern Persian of today "horseshoe", but also is Nominative Singular of the Arab word ''na'eleyn'' meaning "shoes, slippers",〔Junker/Alavi: ''Farhang-e Farsi Almani'', 2002, p. 808.〕 and was the common term for slippers. So, like ''Zarrinkafsh'' the term ''Zarrinnaal'' means "Golden Shoe" as well, but in a more elaborated Arabized way often used in former times and especially among the Kurds. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Zarrinnaal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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