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Zawiya (institution)
A zaouia or zawiya (Arabic زاوية "Assembly" or "Group"; also spelled ''zawiyah, zawiyya, zaouiya, zaouïa, zwaya'', etc.) is an Islamic religious school or monastery. The term is Maghrebi and West African, roughly corresponding to the Eastern term ''Madrasa''. A zawiya often contains a pool, and sometimes a fountain.〔M. D. Goulder, Stanley E. Porter, Paul M. Joyce, David E. Orton, ''Crossing the Boundaries: Essays in Biblical Interpretation'', 1994, BRILL publisher, 381 pages
ISBN 90-04-10131-4〕
== Schools in the Maghreb ==
In precolonial times, these were the primary sources for education in the area, and taught basic literacy to a large proportion of children even in quite remote mountainous areas - leading to the generally accepted speculation that literacy rates in Algeria at the time of the French conquest in 1830 were higher than those of European France. Their curriculum began with memorization of the Arabic alphabet and the later, shorter suras of the Qur'an; if a student was sufficiently interested or apt, it progressed to law (fiqh), theology, Arabic grammar (usually taught with al-Ajurrumi's famous summary), mathematics (mainly as it pertained to the complex legal system of inheritance distribution), and sometimes astronomy. These are still operational throughout the Maghreb, and continue to be a major educational resource in the Sahel of West Africa, from Mauritania to Nigeria.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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