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Zeitenlik ((ギリシア語:Ζέιτενλικ), ) is an Allied military cemetery and World War I memorial park in Thessaloniki, the largest in Greece. It contains the graves of the Serbian, French, British, Italian and Russian soldiers and Bulgarian POWs, who died in the battles on the Salonika front during the World War I. The largest part of the complex is the Serbian Military Graveyard that contains remains of c. 7,500 soldiers. French sector contains remains of 8,000 French soldiers. Italian sector holds about 3,000 graves; British sector holds about 2,000 graves, and there is also the Russian sector with about 400 graves.〔 The complex is located on the place where the Main Hospital of the Serbian Army was located during the war.〔 The name comes from the Turkish word ''Zeytin'' which means ''Olive''. It can be translated as ''Olive plantation''. It is located on Lagkada street, about 1.5 km from the city centre of Thessaloniki.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Military Memorials )〕 ==History== The agreement establishing the Allied cemeteries was signed on 20 November 1920, by the Greek Governor-General of Thessaloniki Anastasios Adossides and the allies Vojvoda Živojin Mišić (Serbia), General Jean Noël Boucher (France), Field Marshal George Francis Milne (England) and Colonel Curgio Giamberini (Italy). The Greek government bought the land where the cemetery would be created and ceded it to the allies in usufruct, while maintenance of the cemeteries was left to their governments. The project began in 1926, when Savo Mihailović was appointed to head the group that was tasked to collect the remains of warriors scattered across a wide area where the battle raged on the Salonika front. They visited over 250 cemeteries to find allied soldier graves and move them to the new cemetery space. The conceptual design of the Serbian military cemetery was selected that same year at a contest, and the design of the architect Aleksandar Vasić, whose idea was further elaborated by Nikolaj Krasnov, was chosen. All materials for the construction of the cemetery came from Serbia, where it was also first processed. Therefore, the preparations for the start of construction lasted until 1933 because of the need to prepare large quantities of trimmed stone for the construction of the mausoleum, chapel and charnel house, and about 2000 marble crosses. Finishing works began in 1933 under the direction of architect Budimir Hristodulo, one of the 1300 corporals. It was brought to an end at the end of 1936, and on 11 November 1936, on Armistice Day in World War I, the mausoleum, chapel and crypt were officially sanctified. Greece gave free land to build a complex of 7,000 km², and all material and work on the cemetery was released from customs and exempted from tax. Stone from the Momin kamen quarry, which is located near the village of Džep in Serbia was used for building the mausoleum and crosses, granite from Kadina Luka near Ljig was used for the slabs, and the cement was from Beočin. Cypress trees that were delivered as young seedlings from Hilandar were planted around the Serbian part of the cemetery. The mosaic in the chapel which incorporates motifs from medieval Serbian frescoes is the work of the Greek artist Voila. During World War II, the burden of preserving the cemetery fell onto the guard Đuro Mihailović. In spite of the war, the teen managed to preserve the cemetery and prevent Nazi looting of books and relics. Thanks to the efforts of the Secretariat for the Culture of Serbia funds for the restoration of the cemetery were collected. Works were carried out from 25 September to 22 October 1969, and apart from the renovation of the vast complex, a sidewalk was built in front of the entrance to the cemetery, and an iron inscription saying "Serbian military cemetery" was placed on the front gate. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Zeitenlik」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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