|
}} |nickname = |settlement_type = Prefecture-level city |motto = Partnership, Openness, Innovation, and Harmony () |image_skyline =Zhengzhou photos.png |imagesize =310 |image_caption = Clockwise from top left: Erqi Memorial Tower, Emperors Yan and Huang, Dengfeng Observatory, Shaolin Monastery, Zhengzhou Exhibition Center; and Center: The Pagoda Forest at the Shaolin Temple |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = ChinaHenanZhengzhou.png |mapsize = |map_caption = Location of Zhengzhou City; jurisdiction in Henan |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |pushpin_map = China |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_map_caption = Location in China |pushpin_mapsize = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name = People's Republic of China |subdivision_name1 = Henan |seat_type = City seat |seat = Zhongyuan |parts_type = Subdivisions |parts_style = |parts = |p1 =Districts |p2 =Erqi |p3 =Guancheng Hui |p4 =Huiji |p5 =Jinshui |p6 =Shangjie |p7 =Zhongyuan |p8 =County-level cities |p9 =Dengfeng |p10 =Gongyi |p11 =Xingyang |p12 =Xinmi |p13 =Xinzheng |p14 =County |p15 =Zhongmu |p16 = |p17 = |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Ma Yi |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 7507 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = 1024 |area_metro_km2 = 1979 |population_footnotes = |population_as_of = 2010 census |population_note = |population_total = 8,626,505 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_metro = 4,867,388 |population_density_metro_km2 = auto |population_urban = 4,253,627 |population_density_urban_km2 =auto |timezone = China Standard |utc_offset = +8 |coordinates_type = type:city_region:CN-41 |coordinates_display = inline,title |latd= 34 |latm= 46 |latNS=N |longd=113 |longm=39 |longEW=E |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = Postal code |postal_code = 450000 |area_code = 371 |website = http://www.zhengzhou.gov.cn/ |footnotes = |blank_name =License plate prefixes |blank_info =A }} Zhengzhou is a Chinese city and the provincial capital of Henan Province in east-central China.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/43582.htm )〕 As a prefecture-level city, it also serves as the political, economic, technological, and educational centre of the province, as well as a major transportation hub for Central China. The city lies on the southern bank of the Yellow River, and is one of the Eight Great Ancient Capitals of China. With 8,626,505 inhabitants according to the 2010 census and 4,253,627 in its built-up area made of 6 urban districts, the city is one of the main built up areas of Henan region. Zhengzhou is now a rapidly growing city. Greater Zhengzhou was named as one of the 13 emerging megacities or megalopolises in China in a July 2012 report by the Economist Intelligence Unit.〔(Supersized cities: China’s 13 megalopolises )〕 ==History== (詳細はShang dynasty established Aodu () or Bodu () in Zhengzhou. This prehistorical city had become abandoned as ruins long before the First Emperor of China in BC 260. Since 1950, archaeological finds in a walled city in Eastern Zhengzhou have provided evidence of Neolithic Shang dynasty settlements in the area.〔A H Dani (1992), Critical Assessment of Recent Evidence on Mohenjo-daro, Second International Symposium on Mohenjo-daro, 24–27 February.〕 Outside this city, remains of large public buildings and a complex of small settlements have been discovered. The site is generally identified with the Shang capital of Ao and is preserved in the Shang dynasty Ruins monument in Guanchen District. The Shang, who continually moved their capital due to frequent natural disasters, left Ao at around 13th century BC. The site, nevertheless, remained occupied; Zhou (post-1050 BC) tombs have also been discovered. Legend suggests that in the Western Zhou period (1111–771 BC) the site became the fief of a family named ''Guan''. From this derives the name borne by the county (''xian'') since the late 6th century BC—Guancheng (City of the Guan). The city first became the seat of a prefectural administration in AD 587, when it was named ''Guanzhou''. In 605 it was first called Zhengzhou—a name by which it has been known virtually ever since. The name Zhengzhou came from the Sui dynasty (AD 581), even though it was located in Chenggao, another town. The government moved to the contemporary city during the Tang dynasty. It achieved its greatest importance under the Sui (AD 581–618), Tang (618–907), and early Song (960–1127) dynasties, when it was the terminus of the New Bian Canal, which joined the Yellow River to the northwest. There, at a place called Heyin, a vast granary complex was established to supply the capitals at Luoyang and Chang'an to the west and the frontier armies to the north. In the Song period, however, the transfer of the capital eastward to Kaifeng robbed Zhengzhou of much of its importance. It was a capital during the five dynasties of Xia, Shang, Guan, Zheng, and Han, and a prefecture during the eight dynasties of Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties, Song, Jin, Yuan, Ming, and Qing. In 1903 the Beijing–Hankou Railway arrived at Zhengzhou, and in 1909 the first stage of the Longhai Railway gave it an east–west link to Kaifeng and Luoyang; it later was extended eastward to the coast at Lianyungang, Jiangsu, and westward to Xi'an (Chang'an), Shaanxi, as well as to western Shaanxi. Zhengzhou thus became a major rail junction and a regional center for cotton, grain, peanuts, and other agricultural produce. Early in 1923 a workers' strike began in Zhengzhou and spread along the rail line before it was suppressed; a 14-story double tower in the center of the city commemorates the strike. On June 10, 1938, Chiang Kai-shek's National Revolutionary Army opened up the dikes retaining the Yellow River at Huayuankou between Zhengzhou and Kaifeng, in an effort to stem the tide of invading Japanese; however, the ensuing 1938 Yellow River flood also killed hundreds of thousands of Chinese. Zhengzhou also has a locomotive and rolling-stock repair plant, a tractor-assembly plant, and a thermal generating station. The city's industrial growth has resulted in a large increase in the population, coming predominantly from industrial workers from the north. A water diversion project and pumping station, built in 1972, has provided irrigation for the surrounding countryside. The city has an agricultural university. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Zhengzhou」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|