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abatacept
Abatacept (marketed as Orencia) is a fusion protein composed of the Fc region of the immunoglobulin IgG1 fused to the extracellular domain of CTLA-4. In order for a T cell to be activated and produce an immune response, an antigen presenting cell must present two signals to the T cell. One of those signals is the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), combined with the antigen, and the other signal is the CD80 or CD86 molecule (also known as B7-1 and B7-2). Abatacept binds to the CD80 and CD86 molecule, and prevents the second signal. Without the second signal, the T cell can't be activated. Abatacept was developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb and is licensed in the United States for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in the case of inadequate response to anti-TNFα therapy.
==Medical uses==
Abatacept is currently approved for use in people with rheumatoid arthritis who have had an inadequate response to one or more DMARDs.〔Bristol-Myers Squibb (March 13, 2007).. United States Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved on 2007-05-25.〕 It is useful in delaying the progression of structural damage and reducing symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. However, it should not be used in combination with anakinra or TNF antagonists.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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