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In engineering, abutment refers to the substructure at the ends of a bridge span or dam whereon the structure's superstructure rests or contacts.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.usbr.gov/library/glossary/ )〕 Single-span bridges have abutments at each end which provide vertical and lateral support for the bridge, as well as acting as retaining walls to resist lateral movement of the earthen fill of the bridge approach. Multi-span bridges require piers to support ends of spans unsupported by abutments. Dam abutments are generally either side of a valley or gorge but may be artificial in order to support arch dams such as Kurobe Dam in Japan.〔 The term may also refer to the structure supporting one side of an arch, or masonry used to resist the lateral forces of a vault.〔Pevsner, N. (1970) ''Cornwall''; 2nd ed. Harmondsworth: Penguin; p. 245〕 The word derives from the verb "abut", meaning to "touch by means of a mutual border". == Use of abutments in engineering == An abutment may be used for the following: * To transfer loads from a superstructure to its foundation elements. * To resist and/or transfer self weight, lateral loads (such as the earth pressure) and wind loads. * To support one end of an approach slab. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「abutment」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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