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|Section2= |Section3= |Section4= |Section7= }} Acetylene (systematic name: ethyne) is the chemical compound with the formula C2H2. It is a hydrocarbon and the simplest alkyne. This colorless gas is widely used as a fuel and a chemical building block. It is unstable in pure form and thus is usually handled as a solution.〔 Pure acetylene is odorless, but commercial grades usually have a marked odor due to impurities.〔Compressed Gas Association (1995) (Material Safety and Data Sheet – Acetylene )〕 As an alkyne, acetylene is unsaturated because its two carbon atoms are bonded together in a triple bond. The carbon–carbon triple bond places all four atoms in the same straight line, with CCH bond angles of 180°. ==Discovery== Acetylene was discovered in 1836 by Edmund Davy, who identified it as a "new carburet of hydrogen".〔Edmund Davy (August 1836) ("Notice of a new gaseous bicarburet of hydrogen," ), ''Report of the Sixth Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science'' … , 5 : 62-63.〕 It was rediscovered in 1860 by French chemist Marcellin Berthelot, who coined the name "acetylene".〔Bertholet (1860) ("Note sur une nouvelle série de composés organiques, le quadricarbure d'hydrogène et ses dérivés" ) (Note on a new series of organic compounds, tetra-carbon hydride and its derivatives), ''Comptes rendus'', series 3, 50 : 805–808. (Note: Berthelot's empirical formula for acetylene (C4H2) was incorrect because chemists at that time used the wrong atomic mass for carbon (6 instead of 12).)〕 Berthelot was able to prepare this gas by passing vapours of organic compounds (methanol, ethanol, etc.) through a red-hot tube and collecting the effluent. He also found acetylene was formed by sparking electricity through mixed cyanogen and hydrogen gases. Berthelot later obtained acetylene directly by passing hydrogen between the poles of a carbon arc.〔Berthelot (1862) ("Synthèse de l'acétylène par la combinaison directe du carbone avec l'hydrogène" ) (Synthesis of acetylene by the direct combination of carbon with hydrogen), ''Comptes rendus'', series 3, 54 : 640-644.〕〔(Acetylene )〕 Commercially available acetylene gas could smell foul due to the common impurities hydrogen sulphide and phosphine. However, acetylene gas with high purity would generate a light and sweet smell. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「acetylene」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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