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adjective
In linguistics, an adjective is a describing word, the main syntactic role of which is to qualify a noun or noun phrase, giving more information about the object signified.
Adjectives are one of the English parts of speech, although historically they were classed together with the nouns. Certain words that were traditionally considered to be adjectives, including ''the'', ''this'', ''my'', etc., are today usually classed separately, as determiners.
==Etymology==
''Adjective'' comes from Latin ''ラテン語:(nōmen) adjectīvum'' "additional (noun)", a calque of .〔Mastronarde, Donald J. ''Introduction to Attic Greek''. University of California Press, 2013. (p. 60 ).〕 In the grammatical tradition of Latin and Greek, because adjectives were inflected for gender, number, and case like nouns (a process called declension), they were considered a subtype of noun. The words that are today typically called nouns were then called ''substantive nouns'' (''nōmen substantīvum'').〔McMenomy, Bruce A. ''Syntactical Mechanics: A New Approach to English, Latin, and Greek''. University of Oklahoma Press, 2014. p. 8.〕 The terms ''noun substantive'' and ''noun adjective'' were formerly used in English, until the word ''noun'' came to refer only to the former type, and the second type came to be known simply as adjectives.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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