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adlerian
Adlerian pertains to the theory and practice of Alfred Adler (1870 - 1937), whose school of psychotherapy is called individual psychology (''Individualpsychologie'').〔Brian Lake, 'Adler, Alfred', in Richard Gregory ed., ''The Oxford Companion to the Mind'' (1987) p. 5-7〕
==Holism==
Central to the Adlerian approach is to see the personality as a whole and not as the mere net result of component forces. Thus the term individual (''indivisible'') psychology.〔J. & E. Sommers-Flanagan, ''Counselling and Psychotherapy Theories in Context and Practice'' (2012) p. 82〕 Adlerians adopt a radical stance that cuts across the nature-nurture debate by seeing the developing individual at work in creating the personality in response to the demands of nature and nurture but not absolutely determined by them. The self-created personality operates subjectively and idiosyncratically. The individual is endowed with a striving both for self-development and social meaning - what Adler himself called "the concept of social usefulness and the general well-being of humanity"〔Alfred Adler, ''Understanding Human Nature'' (1992) p. 141〕 - expressed in a sense of belonging, usefulness and contribution, and even cosmic consciousness.〔Henri F. Ellenberger, ''The Discovery of the Unconscious'' (1970) p. 609〕
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