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afrosoricida
The order Afrosoricida (a Latin-Greek compound name which means "looking like African shrews") contains the golden moles of southern Africa and the tenrecs of Madagascar and Africa. These two families of small mammals have traditionally been considered to be a part of the order Insectivora, a wastebasket taxon, and were later included in Lipotyphla after Insectivora was abandoned, before Lipotyphla was also found to be polyphyletic.
Some biologists use Tenrecomorpha as the name for the tenrec-golden mole clade, but Gary Bronner and Paulina Jenkins argue that Afrosoricida is more appropriate, despite their misgivings about the similarity between the name "Afrosoricida" and the unrelated shrew subgenus ''Afrosorex''.
Traditionally, these two families were grouped with the hedgehogs, shrews and moles in the Lipotyphla. However, there have always been minority opinions suggesting that Tenrecomorpha, or at least the golden moles, are not true lipotyphlans. These opinions are now supported by many genetic studies indicating an association between Tenrecomorpha and various other African mammals in the superorder Afrotheria; however there is no strong morphological evidence to link the Afrosoricida together with other afrotherians. Afrosoricids are sometimes considered part of the Afroinsectiphilia, a clade within Afrotheria.
As a rule, tenrecs tend to be small animals varying from 4 cm to 39 cm in length. There is no pronounced body type since they have evolved to take over the insect-eating niche in Madagascar. However, based on the niche occupied, they look like shrews, hedgehogs or otters. Their coat can vary from smooth to spiny and the coloration of the fur is generally dirt brown. Most species are also nocturnal and have poor eyesight. However, their whiskers are rather sensitive and they can detect very minute vibrations in the ground to locate their prey.
* INFRACLASS EUTHERIA: placental mammals
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* Superorder Afrotheria
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*Clade Afroinsectiphilia
*Family Tenrecidae (tenrecs)
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* Subfamily Geogalinae (1 species)
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* Genus ''Geogale''
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* Large-eared tenrec (''Geogale aurita'')
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* Subfamily Oryzorictinae (21 species)
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* Genus ''Limnogale''
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* Web-footed tenrec (''Limnogale mergulus'')
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* Genus ''Microgale''
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* Short-tailed shrew tenrec (''Microgale brevicaudata'')
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* Cowan's shrew tenrec (''Microgale cowani'')
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* Dobson's shrew tenrec (''Microgale dobsoni'')
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* Drouhard's shrew tenrec (''Microgale drouhardi'')
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* Dryad shrew tenrec (''Microgale dryas'')
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* Pale shrew tenrec (''Microgale fotsifotsy'')
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* Gracile shrew tenrec (''Microgale gracilis'')
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* Naked-nosed shrew tenrec (''Microgale gymnorhyncha'')
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* Jenkins' shrew tenrec (''Microgale jenkinsae'')
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* Northern shrew tenrec (''Microgale jobihely'')
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* Lesser long-tailed shrew tenrec (''Microgale longicaudata'')
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* Major's long-tailed tenrec (''Microgale majori'')
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* Montane shrew tenrec (''Microgale monticola'')
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* Nasolo's shrew tenrec (''Microgale nasoloi'')
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* Pygmy shrew tenrec (''Microgale parvula'')
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* Greater long-tailed shrew tenrec (''Microgale principula'')
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* Least shrew tenrec (''Microgale pusilla'')
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* Shrew-toothed shrew tenrec (''Microgale soricoides'')
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* Taiva shrew tenrec (''Microgale taiva'')
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* Talazac's shrew tenrec (''Microgale talazaci'')
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* Thomas's shrew tenrec (''Microgale thomasi'')
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* Genus ''Oryzorictes''
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* Mole-like rice tenrec (''Oryzorictes hova'')
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* Four-toed rice tenrec (''Oryzorictes tetradactylus'')
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* Subfamily Potamogalinae
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* Genus ''Micropotamogale''
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* Nimba otter shrew (''Micropotamogale lamottei'')
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* Ruwenzori otter shrew (''Micropotamogale ruwenzorii'')
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* Genus ''Potamogale''
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* Giant otter shrew (''Potamogale velox'')
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* Subfamily Tenrecinae
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* Genus ''Echinops''
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* Lesser hedgehog tenrec (''Echinops telfairi'')
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* Genus ''Hemicentetes''
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* Highland streaked tenrec (''Hemicentetes nigriceps'')
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* Lowland streaked tenrec (''Hemicentetes semispinosus'')
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* Genus ''Setifer''
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* Greater hedgehog tenrec (''Setifer setosus'')
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* Genus ''Tenrec''
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* Tailless tenrec (''Tenrec ecaudatus'')
* Clade †Bibymalagasia
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* Genus ''Plesiorycteropus''
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* †''Plesiorycteropus madagascarensis''
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* †''Plesiorycteropus germainepetterae''
* Family Chrysochloridae (golden moles)
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* Subfamily Chrysochlorinae (11 species)
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* Genus ''Carpitalpa''
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* Arends' golden mole (''Carpitalpa arendsi'')
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* Genus ''Chlorotalpa''
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* Duthie's golden mole (''Chlorotalpa duthieae'')
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* Sclater's golden mole (''Chlorotalpa sclateri'')
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* Genus ''Chrysochloris''
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* Subgenus ''Chrysochloris''
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* Cape golden mole (''Chrysochloris asiatica'')
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* Visagie's golden mole (''Chrysochloris visagiei'')
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* Subgenus ''Kilimatalpa''
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* Stuhlmann's golden mole (''Chrysochloris stuhlmanni'')
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* Genus ''Chrysospalax''
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* Giant golden mole (''Chrysospalax trevelyani'')
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* Rough-haired golden mole (''Chrysospalax villosus'')
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* Genus ''Cryptochloris''
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* De Winton's golden mole (''Cryptochloris wintoni'')
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* Van Zyl's golden mole (''Cryptochloris zyli'')
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* Genus ''Eremitalpa''
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* Grant's golden mole (''Eremitalpa granti'')
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* Subfamily Amblysominae (10 species)
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* Genus ''Amblysomus''
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* Fynbos golden mole (''Amblysomus corriae'')
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* Hottentot golden mole (''Amblysomus hottentotus'')
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* Marley's golden mole (''Amblysomus marleyi'')
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* Robust golden mole (''Amblysomus robustus'')
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* Highveld golden mole (''Amblysomus septentrionalis'')
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* Genus ''Calcochloris''
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* Subgenus ''Huetia''
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* Congo golden mole (''Calcochloris leucorhinus'')
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* Subgenus ''Calcochloris''
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* Yellow golden mole (''Calcochloris obtusirostris'')
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* Subgenus ''incertae sedis''
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* Somali golden mole (''Calcochloris tytonis'')
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* Genus ''Neamblysomus''
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* Juliana's golden mole (''Neamblysomus julianae'')
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* Gunning's golden mole (''Neamblysomus gunningi'')
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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